Low Dose Iron Therapy in Children with Iron Deficiency: DNA Damage and Oxidant Stress Markers
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Low Dose Iron Therapy in Children with Iron Deficiency: DNA Damage and Oxidant Stress Markers Hanan M. Hamed1 • Ayat A. Motawie1 • Amany M. Abd Al-Aziz1 • Gamila S. M. El-saeed2 • Maha El Wasseif2 • Abbass A. Mourad1 • Hassan M. Salama1 • Eman Mahmoud Hassan3 • Neveen A. Helmy3 Eman Elghoroury3
•
Received: 28 April 2020 / Accepted: 17 August 2020 Ó Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion 2020
Abstract Conflicting data are available regarding oral iron therapy in iron deficiency (ID), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its relation to DNA damage, oxidative stress and antioxidant markers. Our aim was assessment of DNA damage, oxidative stress and anti-oxidant markers in children with ID and IDA before and after low dose iron therapy. The study was conducted in two stages, first stage was assessment of DNA damage using comet assay, malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-oxidant enzymes levels (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) & total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in thirty-nine children with IDA, forty-five children with ID without anemia and sixty healthy controls. Second stage was assessment of previous markers together with hematological response following oral therapy with 10 mg/day ferric ammonium citrate for 8 weeks. Before treatment, there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding MDA, GPx, SOD, CAT and TAC. A significant increase was detected in the DNA damage in the 2 groups compared to control (p \ 0.005). Following iron therapy, hematological parameters was improved together with a significant increase in GPx (P = 0.04), SOD (p = 0.002), TAC (P = 0.001) and non-significant reduction in DNA damage in IDA group. There was a significant increase in SOD (p = 0.001) & TAC (p = 0.001) and
significant decrease in DNA damage (p = 0.001) in ID group. Low dose iron therapy could be sufficient to improve antioxidant status and DNA damage together with correction of hematologic indices.
& Hanan M. Hamed [email protected]
Introduction
1
Pediatrics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
2
Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
3
Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Keywords Iron deficiency anemia DNA damage Oxidant and antioxidant stress Comet assay Abbreviations ID Iron deficiency IDA Iron deficiency anemia BMI Body mass index CRP C Reactive Protein Retics Reticulocyte count TIBC Total Iron Binding Capacity MDA Malondialdehyde TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances GPx Glutathion Peroxidase SOD Superoxide Dismutase CAT Catalase TAC Total Antioxidant Capacity DMSO Dimethyl sulphoxide RPMI Roswell Park Memorial Institute
Iron is crucial for maintaining normal erythropoiesis, tissue oxygen delivery and energy metabolism. It is also a key factor for efficient anti-oxidant defenses (catalase, peroxidase, cytochrome oxidase, NADPH reductase and iron sulfur complex-dependent enzymes) [1].
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Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus
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