Silicon Increases Leaf Chlorophyll Content and Iron Nutritional Efficiency and Reduces Iron Deficiency in Sorghum Plants
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Silicon Increases Leaf Chlorophyll Content and Iron Nutritional Efficiency and Reduces Iron Deficiency in Sorghum Plants Gelza Carliane Marques Teixeira 1 & Renato de Mello Prado 1 & Kamilla Silva Oliveira 1 & Victor D’Amico-Damião 2 & Gilmar da Silveira Sousa Junior 2 Received: 24 October 2019 / Accepted: 25 February 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of silicon (Si) on iron (Fe) deficiency in sorghum plants grown in a nutrient solution, seeing that sorghum crops are sensitive to iron deficiency and Si may alleviate this deficiency. Nonetheless, the nutritional mechanisms underlying this process have not been fully elucidated in this plant species. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme and completely randomized block design, in the absence or presence of Si (2 mmol L−1) and under Fe deficiency or sufficiency, with five repetitions. The sources of Si and Fe were stabilized sorbitol sodium and potassium silicate (Si = 113.4 g L−1) and Fe-EDDHA chelate (Fe = 6%), respectively. The plants were cultured in pots filled with washed sand, and Si was supplied via nutrient solution at a concentration of 2 mmol L−1. The concentrations of Fe used in this study were 368 μmol L−1 for sufficiency conditions and 55.2 μmol L−1 for deficiency conditions. Our results showed that Si has a beneficial effect on sorghum plants under Fe deficiency by increasing the chlorophyll content and decreasing concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, the application of Si increased the efficiency of translocation and utilization of Fe in plants under this micronutrient deficiency. In conclusion, Si reduced Fe deficiency in sorghum plants by increasing the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, reducing lipid peroxidation, improving the efficiency of Fe translocation and utilization, and resulting in a greater dry weight accumulation. Keywords Sorghum bicolor L. . Ferric chlorosis . Abiotic stress . Beneficial element . Plant nutrition
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00214-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Gelza Carliane Marques Teixeira [email protected] Renato de Mello Prado [email protected] Kamilla Silva Oliveira [email protected] Victor D’Amico-Damião [email protected] Gilmar da Silveira Sousa Junior [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Soils and Fertilizers, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
2
Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
1 Introduction The iron (Fe) is a plant micronutrient involved in vital cellular processes such as photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation, due to its ability to change valence states of the cations (Fe2+ to Fe3+). The Fe is also a component of numerous proteins and enzymes, inc
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