Low-Power High-Resolution Analog to Digital Converters Design, Test
With the fast advancement of CMOS fabrication technology, more and more signal-processing functions are implemented in the digital domain for a lower cost, lower power consumption, higher yield, and higher re-configurability. This has recently generated a
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ANALOG CIRCUITS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING Series Editors: Mohammed Ismail Mohamad Sawan
For other titles published in this series; go to http://www.springer.com/series/7381
Amir Zjajo
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Jose´ Pineda de Gyvez
Low-Power High-Resolution Analog to Digital Converters Design, Test and Calibration
Amir Zjajo Delft University of Technology Delft, The Netherlands [email protected]
Jose´ Pineda de Gyvez Eindhoven University of Technology, and NXP Semiconductors Eindhoven, The Netherlands [email protected]
ISBN 978-90-481-9724-8 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9725-5 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9725-5 Springer Dordrecht New York Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010937432 # Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
“To my family”
Amir Zjajo
“To the free spirited” José Pineda de Gyvez
Contents
1
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 A/D Conversion Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Remarks on Curent Design and Debugging Practice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Motivation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Organization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 1 5 9 9
2
Analog to Digital Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 High-Speed High-Resolution A/D Converter Architectural Choices . 2.1.1 Multi-Step A/D Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.2 Pipeline A/D Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.3 Parallel Pipelined A/D Converters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.4 A/D Converters Realization Comparison. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Notes on Low Voltage A/D Converter Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 A/D Converter Building Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Sample-and-Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 Operational Amplifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.3 Latched Comparators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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