Machine vision system for quality inspection of beans
- PDF / 3,553,066 Bytes
- 15 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 14 Downloads / 201 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Machine vision system for quality inspection of beans Peterson Adriano Belan 1 & Robson Aparecido Gomes de Macedo 1 & Wonder Alexandre Luz Alves 1 & José Carlos Curvelo Santana 2 & Sidnei Alves Araújo 1 Received: 6 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper presents a machine vision system (MVS) for visual quality inspection of beans which is composed by a set of software and hardware. The software was built from proposed approaches for segmentation, classification, and defect detection, and the hardware consists of equipment developed with low-cost electromechanical materials. Experiments were conducted in two modes: offline and online. For offline experiments, aimed at evaluating the proposed approaches, we composed a database containing 270 images of samples of beans with different mixtures of skin colors and defects. In the online mode, the beans contained in a batch, for example, a bag of 1 kg, are spilled continuously on the conveyor belt for the MVS to perform the inspection, similar to what occurs in an automated industrial visual inspection process. In the offline experiments, our approaches for segmentation, classification, and defect detection achieved, respectively, the average success rates of 99.6%, 99.6%, and 90.0%. In addition, the results obtained in the online mode demonstrated the robustness and viability of the proposed MVS, since it is capable to analyze an image of 1280 × 720 pixels, spending only 1.5 s, with average successes rates of 98.5%, 97.8%, and 85.0%, respectively, to segment, classify, and detect defects in the grains contained in each analyzed image. Keywords Machine vision . Automatic inspection . Visual quality . Grains . Beans
1 Introduction Beans are a legume cultivated in almost all countries with tropical and subtropical climate and are of great importance in human nutrition since they consist in a food of significant nutritional value [1]. The largest world producers of beans are Myanmar, India, Brazil, the USA, Mexico, and Tanzania, in that order, which are responsible for approximately 60% of the world production of grain [2]. Brazil is the world’s largest producer and consumer of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). In fact, beans and rice form the basis of the diet of the Brazilian people. An extremely important issue in the commercialization of agricultural grains, both in relation to the purchase and the sale, is their visual quality, which is assessed from properties such as color, shape, and size, which generally impact the * Sidnei Alves Araújo [email protected] 1
Informatics and Knowledge Management Post Graduate Program, Nove de Julho University - UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249, Liberdade, São Paulo, SP 01504-001, Brazil
2
Federal University of ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Bangu, Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
product’s market price. Thus, visual quality inspection is a task of great importance for most agricultural products [3–5]. However, it is very common for suc
Data Loading...
