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e Quantum Mechanics Solver How to Apply Quantum Theory to Modern Physics Third Edition

The Quantum Mechanics Solver

Jean-Louis Basdevant • Jean Dalibard

The Quantum Mechanics Solver How to Apply Quantum Theory to Modern Physics Third Edition

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Jean-Louis Basdevant Département de Physique Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau, France

Jean Dalibard Coll`ege de France Paris, France

ISBN 978-3-030-13723-6 ISBN 978-3-030-13724-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13724-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019934101 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2000, 2006, 2019 Originally published in the Series “Advanced Texts in Physics” This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface to the Third Edition

Quantum mechanics is an endless source of new questions and fascinating observations. Examples can be found in fundamental physics and in applied physics, in mathematical questions as well as in the currently popular debates on the interpretation of quantum mechanics and its philosophical implications. Teaching quantum mechanics relies mostly on theoretical courses, which are illustrated by simple exercises often of a mathematical character. Reducing quantum physics to this type of problem is somewhat frustrating since very few, if any, experimental quantities are available to compare the results with. For a long time, however, from the 1950s to the 1970s, the only alternative to these basic exercises seemed to be restricted to questions originating from atomic and nuclear physics, which were transformed into exactly soluble problems and related to known higher transcendental functions. In the past 20 years or so, things have changed radically. The development of high technologies is a go