Magnetosome mediated oral Insulin delivery and its possible use in diabetes management
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DELIVERY SYSTEMS Original Research
Magnetosome mediated oral Insulin delivery and its possible use in diabetes management Varalakshmi Raguraman1 M. A. Jayasri1 K. Suthindhiran ●
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Received: 31 January 2020 / Accepted: 21 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Our study investigates the effect of magnetosome mediated oral Insulin delivery on diabetic induced rat models. The study involves the development of Magnetosome-Insulin (MI) conjugates by direct and indirect (by means of PEG) coupling method and further characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. The in vivo oral delivery of magnetosome-Insulin conjugate against streptozotocin-induced rat models and its efficiency was investigated. The impact of MI showed a remarkable change in the reduction of FBG levels up to 65% than the standard (Insulin). Similarly, the serum parameters: triglycerides (43.81%), AST&ALT (39.4 and 57.2%), total cholesterol (43.8%) showed significant changes compared to the diabetic control. The histological results of MI treated rats were found similar to control rats. Thus, these significantly notable results on diabetic rats depicts that magnetosomes can be employed as a potential approach and a very promising alternative for the parenteral route of Insulin delivery. Graphical Abstract Insulin loading capacity of conjugates
In vivo study
Serum parameters
Abbreviations MTB Magnetotactic bacteria DSMZ Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen MSGM Magnetospirillum growth medium FTIR Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy HRTEM High resolution transmission electron microscopy
* K. Suthindhiran [email protected] 1
Marine Biotechnology and Bioproducts Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu 632014, India
XRD HPLC FBG STZ PEG MI MPI I
Histopathology
X-ray diffraction High pressure liquid chromatography Fast blood glucose Streptozotocin Polyethylene glycol Insulin magnetosome conjugate Insulin Magnetosome conjugate via PEG Insulin (Standard drug)
1 Introduction Since the discovery of Insulin, several efforts have been made to treat Insulin dependent patients to achieve the best administration. Various attempts have been made to
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Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (2020)31:75
develop an active formulation of oral Insulin [1]. Among the different strategies, oral administration was found to be the best route of administration. Inspite the fact, they have encountered many difficulties like rapid degradation and poor absorption in the intestine [2, 3]. Therefore an ideal delivery system is needed to protect the drug for maintaining prolonged activity in the intestinal tract by increasing the permeability and absorption of the drug [4]. Many types of Nanoparticles (NPs) have be used as drug-delivery systems in recent times and these NPs can be formulated from diverse materials with unique architectures to serve as a possible drug-deliv
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