Management of Digestate and Exhausts from Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Produced in the Dry Anaerobic Digestion Pilot Plant: Mi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Management of Digestate and Exhausts from Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Produced in the Dry Anaerobic Digestion Pilot Plant: Microalgae Cultivation Approach Daniela Bona1 · Davide Papurello2 · Giovanna Flaim3 · Leonardo Cerasino3 · Franco Biasioli3 · Silvia Silvestri1 Received: 19 July 2019 / Accepted: 30 December 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Purpose Microalgae present promising green economy applications in the energy and biorefinery sectors. The work concerns a pilot study on the integration of anaerobic digestion with microalgae cultivation for managing at the same time emissions and digestate from the dry anaerobic treatment of organic waste. Methods Biogas produced was used to feed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell after a filtering step for removing toxic compounds. The exhausts and digestate were used for providing carbon and nutrients for microalgae growth. The experimental workflow includes the characterization of both for defining their suitability in the microalgal growth (Chlorella vulgaris) tests. Results The exhausts of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells showed relatively stable concentration of C H4 (4–7%) and C O2 (93–96%) and low concentrations (sub ppm(v)) of sulphur, carbonyl and carboxyl, and aromatic compounds and terpenes, making it particularly suited for algae growing as compared with internal combustion engines. The challenging growing conditions are a compromise between carbon recovery and use of digestate. A good microalgae growth has been obtained (22.31 m m3 mL−1 −1 −1 of biovolume corresponding to 151 dry mg L day ) exploiting ammonia and phosphate from dilute digestate (removal efficiency 94% and 30% respectively) as well as a good carbon recovering (310 mg CO2 L−1 day−1). Conclusions Based on our data, the integration of microalgae growth and anaerobic digestion process seems a viable solution to achieve (i) reduced emissions due to carbon recovery; (ii) optimum integrated management of anaerobic digestion waste and (iii) biomass production by low-cost nutrients and carbon.
* Daniela Bona [email protected] 1
Technology Transfer Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele a/A, Italy
2
Department of Energy (DENERG), Politecnico Di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
3
Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 San Michele a/A, Italy
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Waste and Biomass Valorization
Graphic Abstract
Keywords Microalgal cultivation · Digestate · Solid oxide fuel cell-exhausts · Carbon recovery · Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry · Nutrient recycling
Statement of Novelty The novelty lies in the search for alternative solution to manage digestate and exhausts from Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, fed by biogas from dry anaerobic digestion of organic waste, aiming to find low-cost sources of nutrient and carbon for microalgae cultivation and to improve the sustainability of the processes. This approach could be a viable solution to address some environmental issues rel
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