Management of Phytophthora palmivora disease in Citrus reticulata with chemical fungicides
- PDF / 1,959,476 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 49 Downloads / 162 Views
DISEASE CONTROL
Management of Phytophthora palmivora disease in Citrus reticulata with chemical fungicides N. M. Chi1 · P. Q. Thu1 · H. B. Nam2 · D. Q. Quang1 · L. V. Phong2 · N. D. Van2 · T. T. Trang1 · T. T. Kien3 · T. T. T. Tam3 · B. Dell4 Received: 29 February 2020 / Accepted: 14 April 2020 © The Phytopathological Society of Japan and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Over 200,000 ha of citrus are grown in Vietnam, and many orchards have been impacted by Phytophthora disease, leading to tree decline and death. Phytophthora palmivora has recently emerged as a serious problem in mandarin (Citrus reticulata) orchards in northern Vietnam, and producers are looking for management solutions. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of a range of commercial fungicides and biological agents on the growth of P. palmivora in vitro and for P. palmivora disease management in 6-month-old C. reticulata seedlings and in a 2-year-old C. reticulata orchard. In the in vitro experiment, potassium phosphonate, metalaxyl-M, mancozeb, and Trichoderma viride strongly inhibited the growth of P. palmivora. For diseased seedlings, the percentage recovery of seedlings 50 days after being treated with metalaxyl-M was 70.9%, potassium phosphonate, 69.1%, and mancozeb 57.1%. The percentage recovery of mandarin trees declining from P. palmivora in the orchard 6 months after the first application of potassium phosphonate was 50.0%, metalaxyl-M 45.9%, and mancozeb 30.6%. Keywords Citrus reticulata · Disease management · Fungicide · Mandarin · Phytophthora palmivora · Vietnam
Introduction Total global citrus production exceeds 100 million tons/ year, and oranges comprise about two thirds of the production (Anonymous 2016). In Vietnam, over one million tons of oranges (Citrus sinensis) and mandarins (C. reticulata) were traded in 2018 (Anonymous 2018). Oranges have been grown for a long time in the Mekong Delta (Thanh et al. 2018), and in recent decades, production of oranges and mandarins has expanded into northern Vietnam (Quang 2013; Tien 2013). All of the authors contributed equally to this work. * N. M. Chi [email protected] 1
Forest Protection Research Centre, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam
2
Quang Ninh Department of Science and Technology, Ha Long City, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam
3
Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, Thai Nguyen city, Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam
4
School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
Root diseases and citrus gummosis cause substantial loss in production, and Phytophthora spp. are the most widespread causal agents (Graham and Feichtenberger 2015; Timmer et al. 2003). A number of species have been implicated, e.g., P. nicotianae and P. palmivora in Florida in the United States (Graham et al. 2003; Widmer et al. 1998), P. nicotianae and P. cryptogea in Tunisia (BoughallebM’hamdi et al. 2018), P. nicotianae in Thailand (Watanarojanaporn et al. 2011), and P. palmi
Data Loading...
