Leaf morpho-anatomical diversity analysis in mandarin ( Citrus reticulata Blanco) genotypes using scanning electron micr
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Leaf morpho-anatomical diversity analysis in mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) genotypes using scanning electron microscopy Arshdeep Singh . Gurteg Singh M. Gupta
. Anu Kalia . H. S. Rattanpal .
Received: 9 September 2019 / Accepted: 30 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The leaf morpho-anatomical studies were performed to assess the genetic divergence in mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) germplasm and for obtaining a strong descriptor (s) to help in easy identification among closely related genotypes during the year 2017–18. Morphological traits of mature leaves of mandarin accessions were observed on basis of citrus descriptors. Leaf chlorophyll content was determined with a SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter under field conditions. Morpho-anatomical attributes were analysed by optical and scanning electron microscopes.In our study, mandarin genotypes exhibited variation with respect to leaf anatomy and photosynthetic traits despite having same pedigree. PAU Kinnow-1, a mutant of Kinnow was clustered away from its parent probably due to multiple variations arising in the parent as PAU Kinnow-1 was developed through gamma irradiation treatment. Therefore, it is suggested from our findings that leaf characters may vary among apparently close genotype such as Kinnow and PAU Kinnow-1. Likewise, genotypes Kara and King exhibited disparate leaf morpho-anatomy characters though King is a parent of Kara. Similarly, the genotypes like A. Singh G. Singh (&) H. S. Rattanpal M. Gupta Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India e-mail: [email protected] A. Kalia Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India
Kara, King, Wilking, and Willow Leaf could be differentiated based on their leaf traits. Genotypes namely Fair Child and Sunburst formed clear distinct clusters on basis of the diverse morpho-anatomical attributes. The dendrogram clearly differentiated the genotypes irrespective of their pedigree and geographical area of origin. In FCA plot, mandarin genotypic differentiation was the main structural component defining the first axis (57.11% of total diversity) whereas the inertia for the second axis was 17.54 per cent. The higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations were associated with higher heritability for petiole wing width, the number of open stomata and palisade parenchyma tissue length traits that may be more effective during selection. Keywords Epidermal Morpho-anatomical Palisade Parenchyma tissue Scanning electron microscopy
Introduction Citrus is widely grown in tropical as well as subtropical regions of the world. Southeast Asia, especially East India, North Burma, and Southwest China are considered to be the centre of origin of citrus and its related genera (Gmitter and Hu 1990; Soost and Roose 1996). The taxonomy of citrus is very complex because most of the named species are clonally
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Genet Resour Crop E
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