Mass Spectrometry
Modern mass spectrometry (MS) began around 1920 with the work of Aston, Mattauch, Herzog and Dempster: the (positive) ions, produced by electron impact on the molecules of the (volatile) analyte, were—in a high vacuum of
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Hong Kong London Milan Paris Tokyo
Dietrich O. Hummel
Atlas of Plastics Additives
Analysis by Spectrometric Methods With 62 tables and 772 FTIR spectra
,
Springer
Prof. Dr. Dietrich O. Hummel 1m Lindenhof 15 D-53773 Hennef
ISBN 3-540-42414-8 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication-Data Hummel, Dieter O. Atlas of plastics additives: analysis by spectrometric methods / Dieter Hummel. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 3540424148 (alk. paper) 1. Plastics--Additives--Analysis. 2. Plastics--Additives--Spectra. I. Title. TP1l42.H86 2002 668.4'1l--dC21 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York a member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH
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Preface
Twenty years ago the 2nd edition of the text and spectra volume of Friedrich Scholl on the analysis of plastics additives was published, it can be found in most laboratories. He deceased shortly after his retirement, and my coworkers and I took over his heritage. Collecting samples of additives of all kind as well as the measurement of their FTIR spectra was done by Sigrun Wittmann, Liu Min, Mark Amberg, Vera Brunne, Astrid Baum and myself; my wife Doris digitised the structures. 752 spectra of the more important additives were selected from a total of 1630. To facilitate access for the analyst, the "triplets" (spectrum with peak table, structure, legend) were arranged according to a decimal system (technological class, chemical composition). Registers (chemical and trade name, empirical formula) help one to find the desired spectrum. Literature on (predominantly) spectroscopic methods in the analysis of plastics additives was evaluated until 2001. Met