Materials with Complex Behaviour Modelling, Simulation, Testing, and
Common engineering materials reach in many demanding applications such as automotive or aerospace their limits and new developments are required to ful ll increasing demands on performance and characteristics. The properties of ma- rials can be increased
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Andreas Öchsner · Lucas Filipe Martins da Silva · Holm Altenbach Editors
Materials with Complex Behaviour Modelling, Simulation, Testing, and Applications
With 272 Figures
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Editors Prof. Dr.-Ing. Andreas Öchsner Technical University of Malaysia Fac. Mechanical Engineering Dept. Applied Mechanics 91310 Skudai, Johor Malaysia [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Lucas Filipe Martins da Silva Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n 4200-465 Porto Portugal [email protected]
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Holm Altenbach Univ. Halle-Wittenberg FB Ingenieurwissenschaften LS Technische Mechanik 06099 Halle (Saale) Germany [email protected]
ISSN 1869-8433 e-ISSN 1869-8441 ISBN 978-3-642-12666-6 e-ISBN 978-3-642-12667-3 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-12667-3 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010932188 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH, Heidelberg Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Common engineering materials reach in many demanding applications such as automotive or aerospace their limits and new developments are required to fulfill increasing demands on performance and characteristics. The properties of materials can be increased for example by combining different materials to achieve better properties than a single constituent or by shaping the material or constituents in a specific structure. Many of these new materials reveal a much more complex behavior than traditional engineering materials due to their advanced structure or composition. Furthermore, the classical applications of many engineering materials are extended to new ranges of applications and to more demanding environmental conditions such as elevated temperatures. All these tendencies require in addition to the synthesis of new materials, proper methods for their manufacturing and extensive programs for their characterization. In many fields of application, the development of new methods and processes must be accomplished by accurate and reliable modeling and simulation techniques. Only the
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