Maternal age at pregnancy and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus among Chinese women with singleton pregnancies
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Maternal age at pregnancy and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus among Chinese women with singleton pregnancies Yating Han 1 & Mingkun Tong 2,3 & Lei Jin 4 & Jinhui Yu 2,3 & Wenying Meng 4 & Aiguo Ren 2,3 & Lei Jin 2,3 Received: 23 September 2019 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 # Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India 2020
Abstract Objectives Maternal age at pregnancy is one of the most important risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); the particulars of the association vary by racial origin. Women less than 25 years old are considered to have low risk by the American Diabetes Association, but there are little data to support this among Chinese women. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship of maternal age and the incidence of GDM. Methods The data were drawn from a prenatal healthcare system and clinical record: 15,668 singleton pregnancies in women who had no pre-pregnancy diabetes and who became pregnant naturally. The relationships of age and GDM incidence were examined using χ2 and logistic regression models. Results The overall incidence of GDM was 22.72% (95% CI, 22.07–23.38). The incidence increased from 10.21% (95% CI, 8.18–12.14) in the age group of 18–22 years to 37.10% (95% CI, 33.71–40.49) in the age group of 36–49 years. The risk of GDM increased by an average of 8% for every 1 year of maternal age, and within each age group, the risk of GDM was 5% higher in primiparas than in pluriparas, in the range of age of 22 and 35 years. Conclusions for practice The incidence of GDM increased with maternal age. Women who got pregnant younger than 23 years had the lowest risk, followed by those who were younger than 30 years. The incidence GDM was especially high in women who were primiparas and were older than 30 years. Keywords Pregnancy . Woman . Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) . Age . Parity . Primiparas . Pluriparas
Yating Han and Mingkun Tong have equal authorship. Significance Previous studies have found that maternal age at pregnancy is one of the most important risk factors for GDM. Women less than 25 years old are considered to have low risk by the American Diabetes Association, but there are little data to support this among Chinese women. We explored the association between maternal age and risk for GDM in China and found: the incidence of GDM increased with maternal age at pregnancy, and the risk for GDM increased by an average of 8% for every year of maternal age between 23 and 36 years old; for Chinese women, reproduction at a younger age may reduce the incidence of GDM; for prevention GDM in China, primiparity should be encouraged at younger ages than 23 years old or at least not older than 30 years old. * Lei Jin [email protected]
3
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
1
Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
4
2
Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xuey
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