Maternal Obesity and Pregnancy
A dramatic and worldwide increase is occurring in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age. Obese women carry a significant excess risk of complications during pregnancy, including infertility, spontaneous abortion, congenital
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Per Glud Ovesen • Dorte Møller Jensen Editors
Maternal Obesity and Pregnancy
Editors Per Glud Ovesen Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Aarhus, Skejby Aarhus N Denmark
Dorte Møller Jensen Department of Endocrinology Odense University Hospital Odense C Denmark
ISBN 978-3-642-25022-4 e-ISBN 978-3-642-25023-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-25023-1 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2012933789 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Worldwide, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age. Current estimates suggest that 64.1% of the US women are overweight and 35.5% obese (Flegal et al. 2010). Overweight and obesity affects nearly half of the US women of reproductive age, with 24.5% being overweight and 23% obese (Vahratian 2009). In Europe, the prevalence of obesity in women range from 6.2% to 36.5%, displaying a considerable geographic variation, with higher prevalence rates in Central, Eastern, and Southern Europe than in Western and Northern Europe (Berghofer et al. 2008). Overweight and obese women have an increased risk of a wide variety of pregnancy, birth, and neonatal complications, and obesity is now the most common risk factor of pregnancy (Jensen et al. 2003; Ovesen et al. 2011). The clinical management of obese pregnant woman is a challenge throughout the whole course of pregnancy, and the maternal epidemic of obesity is putting additional stresses on the healthcare system, requiring more resources during pregnancy (Chu et al. 2008; Rowlands et al. 2010). The worldwide epidemic of adolescent and adult obesity may not only be a result of our lifestyle of inadequate activity and poor diet. During recent years, a new research field dealing with “perinatal programming” of health and disease in l
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