Mathematical modeling of the hot-deformation behavior of superalloy IN718
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RODUCTION
THE IN718* superalloy is one of those extensively used *IN718 is a trademark of INCO Alloys International, Inc., Huntington, WV.
in aeronautical, astronotical, oil, and chemical industries for its excellent mechanical, physical, and chemical properties.[1–4] Its production accounts for about 50 pct of wrought nickel-based alloys.[5] In modern aeroengines, IN718 is used to manufacture critical parts, such as turbine disks, and accounts for more than 40 pct of the total amount of superalloys used.[6] Usually, these critical parts are made from IN718 through thermomechanical processing (TMP), which is the main technology for controlling the quality of a part. The microstructure and mechanical properties of IN718 parts are highly sensitive to metallurgical technology and TMP. In order to obtain the most-favorable microstructure and the best mechanical properties in an IN718 part, it is necessary to control every step of TMP accurately. Computer simulation of the hot-deformation behavior of IN718 makes such a controlling process possible. Therefore, in recent years, many material scientists have devoted their attention to the hot-deformation behavior and computer simulation of superalloy IN718.[4–17] However, due to the complexity of the hot-deformation process, satisfactory models describing the hot-deformation behavior of IN718 have not been obtained. Further, the simulation and control of the manufacturing process of important IN718 parts have not been completed yet. J.M. ZHANG, formerly Associate Professor and Senior Engineer, Department of Superalloys, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, and Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, is Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309. Z.Y. GAO, Postdoctoral Research Associate, is with the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435. J.Y. ZHUANG and Z.Y. ZHONG, Professors, are with the Department of Superalloys, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, People’s Republic of China. Manuscript submitted April 3, 1998. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
Two types of models are needed to predict the hot-deformation behavior of IN718. One type is to predict the flow stress, which shows the mechanical behavior of IN718. The other is to predict the grain size and recrystallization fraction, which shows the microstructural variation in IN718 parts. To model the hot-deformation behavior of IN718 is to understand and to quantify the effect of deformation parameters on the flow stress, final grain size, and recrystallization factor. Several models have been developed to predict the mechanical behavior of IN718. Zhou and Baker[7] studied the effect of strain rate and temperature on the deformation behavior of IN718 and developed a model to predict the peak stress. Srinivasan et al.[10,11] investigated the hot-deformation behavior of fine-grained IN718 at temp
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