Measurement-Based Performance Evaluation of Advanced MIMO Transceiver Designs
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Measurement-Based Performance Evaluation of Advanced MIMO Transceiver Designs Uwe Trautwein MEDAV GmbH, Gr¨afenberger Strasse 32-34, 91080 Uttenreuth, Germany TeWiSoft GmbH, Ehrenbergstrasse 11, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany Email: [email protected]
Christian Schneider Institute of Communications and Measurement Engineering, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany Email: [email protected]
Reiner Thoma¨ Institute of Communications and Measurement Engineering, Ilmenau University of Technology, 98684 Ilmenau, Germany Email: [email protected] Received 29 February 2004; Revised 14 January 2005 This paper describes the methodology and the results of performance investigations on a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transceiver scheme for frequency-selective radio channels. The method relies on offline simulations and employs real-time MIMO channel sounder measurement data to ensure a realistic channel modeling. Thus it can be classified in between the performance evaluation using some predefined channel models and the evaluation of a prototype hardware in field experiments. New aspects for the simulation setup are discussed, which are frequently ignored when using simpler model-based evaluations. Example simulations are provided for an iterative (“turbo”) MIMO equalizer concept. The dependency of the achievable bit error rate performance on the propagation characteristics and on the variation in some system design parameters is shown, whereas the antenna constellation is of particular concern for MIMO systems. Although in many of the considered constellations turbo MIMO equalization appears feasible in real field scenarios, there exist cases with poor performance as well, indicating that in practical applications link adaptation of the transmitter and receiver processing to the environment is necessary. Keywords and phrases: MIMO systems, channel modeling, channel sounding, turbo equalization, link-level simulations.
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INTRODUCTION
MIMO transmission schemes are attractive candidates for the new air interfaces of wireless networks beyond 3G. This is due to the expected increase in spectrum efficiency, which results from a simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams from different antenna elements [1]. The transmitted signals are intentionally not orthogonal in any of the conventional communication signal dimensions, that is, by time, frequency, or code. Conceptually, the multipath propagation of the radio channel gives rise to different spatiotemporal signatures for the different transmit data streams, which permits a receiver equipped with multiple antennas to separate those data streams from the received signal mixture. Keeping this in mind, it is not really surprising that the performance This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
of a MIMO system will strongly depend on the radio channel conditions
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