High Performance Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna with Polarization Independent Metamaterial
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High Performance Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna with Polarization Independent Metamaterial Anand Kumar1 · Tanvi Agrawal2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper presents a high performance circularly polarized multiple input multiple output microstrip patch antenna which is suitable for current high data rate requirements. Circular polarization has been achieved by dual feeding the signals in phase quadrature to the patch antenna. A polarization independent metamaterial has been designed. The designed metamaterial is used to enhance the gain of the antenna and used as a superstrate of this patch antenna. Using metamaterial superstrate, a gain as high as 13.6 dBi with a bandwidth of 15.4% has been achieved at 11 GHz. The structure has been fabricated and the simulated results are in good agreement with the measured results. Circular polarized antenna also reduces the delay spread due to multipath environment and provides high latency. Keywords Metamaterial · MIMO antenna · Polarization independent · Microstrip patch antenna · Polarization diversity
1 Introduction Future wireless communication systems have to deal with thousands of connected devices for transferring gigabyte of data every time. In order to accommodate this multifold increment in the data traffic, fifth generation (5G) wireless technology is being developed by communication engineers [1, 2]. The main essence of 5G technology is the establishment of independent sub network for specific users and services. These sub networks have transmission functions, base station and core network functions. Each individual sub-network can have its own specific characteristics with regard to 5G network parameters such as maximum throughput, end-to-end latency and data traffic density [3–5]. The antenna used in 5G systems should have high bandwidth to accommodate large traffic and high gain to compensate free space losses. Millimeter wave antennas have been considered as suitable candidate for 5G applications due to its high bandwidth [6, 7]. But due to high frequency, * Anand Kumar [email protected] Tanvi Agrawal [email protected] 1
Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Ahmedabad, India
2
Entuple Technologies Pvt Ltd, Bangalore, India
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millimeter waves suffer from high path losses and other atmospheric losses due to rain, humidity and temperature, which limit its applications to very short distance. High path loss and multipath fading are two important limitations of long distance communication systems. In order to provide ubiquitous uninterrupted high data rate access to the remote areas in the world, a high gain and high bandwidth antenna systems with diversity performance are required to be developed. Since its inception, metamaterials have found fascinating applications in various domains of microwave and millimeter waves. In [8] a threedimensional (3-D) anisotropic zero-refractive-index metamaterials (AZIM) has been
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