Measurement of astrophysical S factors and electron screening potentials for d ( d, n ) 3 He reaction In ZrD 2 , TiD 2 ,
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ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Experiment
Measurement of Astrophysical S Factors and Electron Screening Potentials for d(d, n)3 He Reaction In ZrD2 , TiD2, D2 O, and CD2 Targets in the Ultralow Energy Region Using Plasma Accelerators* V. M. Bystritsky1), Vit. M. Bystritskii2), G. N. Dudkin3) , M. Filipowicz4), S. Gazi5) , J. Huran5) , A. P. Kobzev1) , G. A. Mesyats6) , B. A. Nechaev3) , V. N. Padalko3), S. S. Parzhitskii1), F. M. Pen’kov7) , A. V. Philippov1), V. L. Kaminskii3), Yu. Zh. Tuleushev7), and J. Wozniak8) Received December 17, 2010; in final form, March 24, 2011
Abstract—The paper is devoted to study electron screening effect influence on the rate of d(d, n)3 He reaction in the ultralow deuteron collision energy range in the deuterated polyethylene (CD2 ), frozen heavy water (D2 O) and deuterated metals (ZrD2 and TiD2 ). The ZrD2 and TiD2 targets were fabricated via magnetron sputtering of titanium and zirconium in gas (deuterium) environment. The experiments have been carried out using high-current plasma pulsed accelerator with forming of inverse Z pinch (HCEI RAS, Russia) and pulsed Hall plasma accelerator (NPI at TPU, Russia). The detection of neutrons with energy of 2.5 MeV from dd reaction was done with plastic scintillation spectrometers. As a result of the experiments the energy dependences of astrophysical S factor for the dd reaction in the deuteron collision energy range of 2–7 keV and the values of the electron screening potential Ue of interacting deuterons have been measured for the indicated above target: Ue (CD2 ) 40 eV; Ue (D2 O) 26 eV; Ue (ZrD2 ) = 157 ± 43 eV; Ue (TiD2 ) = 125 ± 34 eV. The value of astrophysical S factor, corresponding to the deuteron collision energy equal to zero, in the experiments with D2 O target is found: Sb (0) = 58.6 ± 3.6 keV b. The paper compares our results with other available published experimental and calculated data. DOI: 10.1134/S1063778812010048
1. INTRODUCTION
d3 He → p(14.7 MeV) + 4 He(3.7 MeV),
(3)
Study of reactions between light nuclei in ultralowenergy region (∼keV):
d3 He → 5 Li + γ(16.4 MeV),
(4)
d6 Li → 2α(22.4 MeV)
(5)
dd → 3 He(0.8 MeV) + n(2.5 MeV),
(1a)
dd → p(3.0 MeV) + t(1.03 MeV),
(1b)
pd → 3 He + γ(5.5 MeV),
(2)
is of a great interest due to possibility of: verification of fundamental symmetries in strong interaction (charge and isotopic invariance of nuclear forces) [1, 2]; acquisition of information on contribution and structure of exchange meson currents [3, 4], which contribution into interaction in the ultralow energy region becomes significant (e.g., in case of radiative capture of protons by deuterons and tritons: p + d → 3 He + γ; p + t → 4 He + γ); acquisition of information for microscopic description of nucleon–nucleon interaction; testing of theoretical articles, dedicated to three-body tasks solution based on modern representation of nucleon–nucleon interaction potential within the bounds of realistic two-body, two-body plus three-body forces [5]. Concerning astrophysics, there is a need for the reliable exp
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