Measuring the Electric Field Strength of Microwave Radiation at the Frequency of the Radiation Transition Between Rydber
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TROSCOPY AND PHYSICS OF ATOMS AND MOLECULES
Measuring the Electric Field Strength of Microwave Radiation at the Frequency of the Radiation Transition Between Rydberg States of Atoms 85Rb E. F. Stelmashenkoa, *, O. A. Klezovicha, V. N. Barysheva, V. A. Tishchenkoa, I. Yu. Blinova, V. G. Palchikova, b, and V. D. Ovsyannikova, c a
Federal State Unitary Enterprise “All-Russian Research Institute of Physical, Technical and Radio Engineering Measurements” (FSUE “VNIIFTRI”), Mendeleevo, Moscow oblast, 141570 Russia b National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia c Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394018 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received February 5, 2020; revised February 17, 2020; accepted March 10, 2020
Abstract—The spectral characteristics of the resonance effect of the electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) of rubidium atomic vapors induced by intense radiation with a wavelength in the region from 479 to 486 nm in the presence of microwave radiation at a frequency of 1 to 300 GHz, which splits the energy of transition of the atom from the resonant 5P3/2 states into the Rydberg nD5/2 state, are determined. The magnitude of the splitting of the EIT peak is proportional to the electric field intensity of the microwave radiation. Simple approximation expressions are obtained for the numerical calculation of the transition amplitude between Rydberg nD5/2 and (n + 1)P3/2 states with large principal quantum numbers n. A setup has been developed for measuring the electric field intensity of microwave radiation based on measuring the frequency of splitting of the resonance of an electron microscope in the absorption spectrum of probe radiation. Keywords: microwave radiation, electric field intensity, electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT), Outler–Townes splitting, Rydberg states of atoms DOI: 10.1134/S0030400X20080366
INTRODUCTION Currently, the international metrological community has a goal to make any measurements quantitatively expressed in units of the International System of Units (SI). Measurements of physical quantities based on quantum effects in atoms directly provide such traceability to SI. An example of such a new approach to SI measurements that can be traced is intensively conducted research on the creation of a broadband meter for the electric field intensity of microwave radiation electromagnetic radiation based on the interaction of microwave radiation with alkali metal atoms excited to Rydberg states. This approach is most consistently described in [1, 2]. They identified the potential capabilities of a quantum meter of electric field intensity (EFI) and areas of possible application, among which the most important are noted – standardization of electric field intensity in a wide frequency range of microwave radiation and visualization of electric field with high submillimeter spatial resolution. It is noted that, without making significant changes to the configuration of the experimental setup, it is possible to measure
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