Mechanism of Low-level Microwave Radiation Effect on Brain: Frequency Limits
This study aims to investigation of frequency limitations for the recently proposed new mechanism of lowlevel microwave radiation (MWR) effect on human brain bioelectrical oscillations. The frequency dependent properties for the main steps of the mechanis
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ring last decades, a public concern is raising about the possible health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields created by telecommunication and information technology devices. Recommendations and guidelines for limiting exposure to prevent the health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields still base on thermal approach resulting from tissue heating. The non-thermal mechanism of low-level microwave radiation (MWR) effect has been under discussion for decades. However, despite of the absence of the mechanism for interpretation, experimental results have shown the MWR effects at the exposure levels much lower compared to recommended health protection limits [1, 2]. In these cases, a mechanism other than tissue heating should be involved. On the other hand, the low-frequency modulation of MWR has been shown critical for the effects [3, 4]. The © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 H. Eskola et al. (eds.), EMBEC & NBC 2017, IFMBE Proceedings 65, DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5122-7_162
dependence of the effect on modulation frequency has been reported [5]. Therefore, possible physiological restrictions for modulation frequency are expected to be evaluated. The interpretation of low-level MWR effects is complicated due to high frequencies of radiation compared to the frequencies of physiological processes. Various possible low-level mechanisms as signal averaging, coherent detection, nonlinear dynamics, radical pairs, proposed by several authors, have been shown having serious physical restrictions for time constant and therefore are not realistic at MWR frequencies [6]. No experimental proof of these particular mechanisms has been demonstrated for MWR. Recently a new mechanism, based on intermolecular hydrogene bonding and diffusion, for low-level MWR effect on human brain has been proposed and supported by experimental data [7]. In this stydy, the frequency limits of the mechanism are estimated. For this purpose, frequency restrictions for all steps of the mechanism are evaluated using published results and original experimental data. Dependence of the effect on modulation frequency selected within and higher compared to the human brain bioelectric oscillation frequencies was investigated using data from previously performed and additional new experiments. II. FREQUENCY RESTRICTIONS FOR MWR EFFECT
The proposed new mechanism for low-level MWR effect contains the following steps. 1. Microwave radiation rotates dipolar water molecules. This step occurs in the value of relative dielectric permittivity – dielectric constant of water ɛ=ɛ’+ɛ’’. Physical theory of water permittivity as well as multiple experiments on the measuements of water dielectric constant at different frequencies [8, 9] describe the frequency-dependent dielectric properties of water. The calculations according to the Debye model show that the relaxation time of free water at 20 °C is about picoseconds. Corresponding peak in ɛ’’ occurs around 16 GHz. Experimental data confirm, that ɛ’ keeps its value around 80 up to GHz, decrases to aro
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