Mechanical Properties Of Polyaniline / Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Films
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Q10.3.1
Mechanical Properties Of Polyaniline / Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Films P. C. Ramamurthy1, W.R. Harrell2, R.V. Gregory1, B. Sadanadan 3, A.M. Rao3 1 MSE, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA 2 ECE, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA 3 Physics & Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
ABSTRACT High molecular weight polyaniline / multi-walled carbon nanotube composite films were fabricated using solution processing. Composite films with various weight percentages of multiwalled carbon nanotubes were fabricated. Physical properties of these composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis, tensile testing, and scanning electron microscopy. These results indicate that the addition of multiwalled nanotubes to polyaniline significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the films. In addition, metal–semiconductor (composite) (MS) contact devices were fabricated, and it was observed that the current level in the films increased with increasing multiwalled nanotube content. Furthermore, it was observed that polyaniline containing one weight percent of carbon nanotubes appears to be the most promising composition for applications in organic electronic devices.
INTRODUCTION There is considerable potential for using inherently conducting polymers in microelectronics. Despite substantial advances in the last ten years in materials and processing techniques, the performance of devices based on conducting polymers remains inferior to inorganic devices. Some recent results indicate that conducting polymer composite materials may have significantly improved electronic and mechanical properties as compared to pure conducting polymer films, making the composite more suitable for microelectronic applications. The aim of this work is to study physical properties of the composite material, and to identify the ideal composition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in polyaniline with respect to both electrical and mechanical properties of the composite.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS Materials Aniline (99%), from Fisher, was distilled prior to synthesis. Hydrochloric acid (37%) and ammonium persulfate (99%), from Aldrich, and N, N′-dimethyl propylene urea (DMPU), from Lancaster, were used as received. ITO slides, from Delta Technologies, Ltd., were cleaned in a sonicator.
Q10.3.2
Polyaniline and nanotube synthesis PANI was chemically synthesized by a previously reported method [1,2]. Ammonium persulfate (in 1M HCl) was added to aniline at -30ºC for 6 hours. The aniline:oxidant molar ratio was 0.7:0.5. The resultant emeraldine salt was deprotonated to emeraldine base (EB) and then purified by washing with methanol and water. Mw=135,000, PDI=3 by GPC (PS standards, NMP/0.05 M LiBr as eluent, 85ºC). Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using a mixture of xylene and ferrocene [3], were used in the fabrication of the composite material. Fabrication of composite solution N- methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and N, N′ – dimethyl propylene urea (DMPU) are common solv
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