Mercury Dust Monitor (MDM) Onboard the Mio Orbiter of the BepiColombo Mission
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Mercury Dust Monitor (MDM) Onboard the Mio Orbiter of the BepiColombo Mission Masanori Kobayashi1 · Hiromi Shibata2 · Ken’ichi Nogami3 · Masayuki Fujii4 · Sunao Hasegawa5 · Masatoshi Hirabayashi6 · Takayuki Hirai1 · Takeo Iwai7 · Hiroshi Kimura1 · Takashi Miyachi1 · Maki Nakamura8 · Hideo Ohashi9 · Sho Sasaki10 · Seiji Takechi11 · Hajime Yano5 · Harald Krüger12 · Ann-Kathrin Lohse12 · Ralf Srama13,14 · Peter Strub12,13 · Eberhard Grün15 Received: 7 April 2020 / Accepted: 20 November 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract An in-situ cosmic-dust instrument called the Mercury Dust Monitor (MDM) had been developed as a part of the science payload for the Mio (Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter, MMO) stage of the joint European Space Agency (ESA)–JAXA Mercury-exploration mission. The BepiColombo spacecraft was successfully launched by an Ariane 5 rocket on October 20, 2018, and commissioning tests of the science payload were successfully completed in near-earth orbit before injection into a long journey to Mercury. MDM has a sensor consisting of four plates of piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT), which converts the The BepiColombo mission to Mercury Edited by Johannes Benkhoff, Go Murakami and Ayako Matsuoka
B M. Kobayashi 1
Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino, Chiba, 275-0016, Japan
2
The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan
3
Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan
4
FAM Science Co., Ltd., Tsukubamirai, Ibaraki, 300-2436, Japan
5
Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5210, Japan
6
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849-5338, USA
7
Department of Heavy Particle Medical Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
8
Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8603, Japan
9
Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
10
Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
11
Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
12
Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Göttingen, D-37077, Germany
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mechanical stress (or strain) induced by dust-particle impacts into electrical signals. After the commencement of scientific operations, MDM will measure the impact momentum at which dust particles in orbit around the Sun collide with the sensor and record the arrival direction. This paper provides basic information concerning the MDM instrument and its predicted scientific operation as a future reference for scientific articles concerning the MDM’s observational data. Keywords BepiColombo mission · Mio · Mercury · Cosmic dust · Piezoelectric ceramic sensor
1 Introduction The BepiCol
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