Metabolic syndrome between two ethnic minority groups (Circassians and Chechens) and the original inhabitants of Jordan
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Metabolic syndrome between two ethnic minority groups (Circassians and Chechens) and the original inhabitants of Jordan Rana Dajani • Yousef S. Khader • Nancy Hakooz Raja Fatahalla • Farouk Quadan
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Received: 29 March 2012 / Accepted: 4 June 2012 / Published online: 28 June 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012
Abstract The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide and exhibits variation among ethnic groups. The objective of this study was to estimate and compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components between two ethnic groups (Circassians and Chechens) in Jordan and the original inhabitants of Jordan. Data were collected from a cross-sectional study of Circassian (n = 436), Chechen (n = 355), and Jordanian (n = 3234) population aged 18 years and older. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to International Diabetes Federation criteria. Age-standardized prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome was Jordanians 38.0 %, Circassians 32.0 %, and Chechens 33.7 %. Compared to Jordanians, both minority groups had lower means of body mass index, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides. The means of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein were significantly higher among Circassians compared to Jordanians and Chechens. The odds of BMI defined by overweight and obesity and diabetes were less common among Circassians and Chechens compared to Jordanians. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and
R. Dajani (&) R. Fatahalla F. Quadan Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan e-mail: [email protected] Y. S. Khader Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University for Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan N. Hakooz Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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its individual components is relatively high in the three ethnic groups compared to world. Variation in components between groups may relate to ethnicity. Therefore, a community-based integrated approach is needed that would include behavioral, social changes that would lead to the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Keywords Metabolic syndrome Epidemiology Ethnic Jordan Circassians Chechens Abbreviations CVD Cardiovascular disease DBP Diastolic blood pressure LDL Low-density lipoprotein HDL High-density lipoprotein MeS Metobolic syndrome SBP Systolic blood pressure
Introduction Observational studies around the world reveal profound disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in ethnic minority groups (1–3). The genesis of the disparities in CVD and CVD risk factors is still incompletely understood. Such disparities are undoubtedly multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of behavioral, biological, and societal factors. CVD is emerging as a major health problem in the Eastern Mediterranean region, where the proportion of deaths from CVD ranges from 25 to 45 % [1].
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