Metamaterials Theory, Design, and Applications
Metamaterials: Theory, Design and Applications focuses on the most recent research activity in metamaterials, taking a reader beyond previously covered areas like left-handed materials (LHM) and negative index materials (LIM). Some new developments covere
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Tie Jun Cui · David R. Smith · Ruopeng Liu Editors
Metamaterials Theory, Design, and Applications
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Editors Tie Jun Cui Department of Radio Engineering Southeast University 2 Si-Pai Lou 210096 Nanjing People’s Republic of China [email protected]
David R. Smith Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Duke University P.O.Box 90291 Durham NC 27708 USA [email protected]
Ruopeng Liu Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Duke University 130 Hudson Hall Durham NC 27706 USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-0572-7 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-0573-4 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0573-4 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2009937582 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To the exciting, fast growing, and fully challenging area — Metamaterials.
Preface
Metamaterial, first known as left-handed material (LHM) or negative refractive index material (NIM), has attracted attention in the scientific communities over the past 10 years. The concept of metamaterial has a much broader scope than that of LHM or NIM. Due in large part to metamaterials, the classical subject of electromagnetism and optics have experienced a number of new discoveries and advances in research. First proposed by Veselago theoretically in 1968 for a material whose electric permittivity and magnetic permeability are simultaneously negative, LHM possesses many new features such as negative refraction, backward wave propagation, reversed Doppler shift, and backward Cerenkov radiation. Research in LHM was stagnant for more than 30 years due to the lack of experimental verification. The first revolution dealing with LHM occurred in 1996 when Sir Pendry discovered the wire medium whose permittivity is negative, followed by the discovery of negative permeability by Sir Pendry et al. in 1999 and LHM by Smith et al. in 2001. Inspired by the experimental realization, LHM – also called negative refractive index material – has attracted growing attention in both theoretical exploration and experimental study. However, LHM has the unavoidable disadvantage of big loss and narrow bandwidth, and such disadvantages restrict the applications of LHM. Hence scientists seek other features of m
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