Methods for the Determination of Nanofluid Optical Properties: A Review
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Methods for the Determination of Nanofluid Optical Properties: A Review Hossain Md Fazle Rabbi1 · Ahmet Z. Sahin1,2,3 · Bekir S. Yilbas1,2,3 · Abdullah Al‑Sharafi1,2 Received: 13 August 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Methods for the determination of the optical properties of both conventional and hybrid nanofluids are presented. The optical properties considered included the extinction coefficient, absorptance, transmittance, and reflectivity. Experimental, theoretical, and numerical approaches for the evaluation of the optical properties are reviewed. The effects of nanoparticle concentration, size, and shape on the optical properties are discussed. The influence of the base fluid on the optical properties is examined. The dependence of the optical properties on the wavelength is investigated. Results of various analytical and numerical procedures and their validation with the experimental measurements are presented. It is concluded that the optical behavior of nanofluids can be optimized by simultaneous consideration of proper size, shape, concentration, nanoparticles material, base fluid, weather condition, and the wavelength range. Hybridization is found to be a promising choice for improving the optical properties of nanofluids. Hybrid nanofluids received an increasing attention recently and there is need for further research in the direction of hybrid nanofluids and their optical properties. As water is commonly used as the base fluid extensive literature is found for water base nanofluids. On the other hand, non-waterbased nanofluids with enhanced optical properties are still potential future research areas. Keywords Conventional nanofluids · Hybrid nanofluids · Nanofluid · Nanoparticle concentration · Optical properties
* Ahmet Z. Sahin [email protected] 1
Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
2
K.A.CARE Energy Research & Innovation Center, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
3
Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy (CoRE-RE), KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Page 2 of 42
International Journal of Thermophysics
(2021) 42:9
Abbreviations ATO Antimony-doped tin oxide CNT Carbon nanotube CTAB Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide D Diameter of particle DDA Discrete dipole approximation DI De-Ionized DW Distilled water ⃗ Electric field intensity E EG Ethylene Glycol Eiinc Incident electromagnetic field Eisca Scattered electromagnetic field FDTD Finite difference time domain fAg Functionalized (PVP coated) silver f-GnP Functionalized graphene nanoplatelets fz Particle distribution function specific to velocity Equilibrium distribution function specific to velocity feq z G Incident radiation Gf Experimental geometrical factor gz Particle distribution function specific to thermal field eq gz Equilibrium distribution function specific to thermal field GMM Generalized Multi Particle Mie GO-L Graphene
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