Microbial community changes in the digestive tract of the clam Meretrix petechialis in response to Vibrio parahaemolytic
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Microbial community changes in the digestive tract of the clam Meretrix petechialis in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge* WANG Hongxia1, 2, YUE Xin1, 2, YU Jiajia1, WANG Rui1, TENG Shuangshuang3, 4, FANG Jun3, 4, LIU Baozhong1, 2, ** 1
CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
2
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao
3
Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China
4
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource, Wenzhou 325005, China
266000, China
Received Aug. 29, 2019; accepted in principle Jan. 15, 2020; accepted for publication Apr. 22, 2020 © Chinese Society for Oceanology and Limnology, Science Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Disease in clams frequently occurred over the last decade and has become a serious threat to the clam aquaculture industry and natural stocks. Mass clam mortality events were reported to be associated with the presence of opportunistic pathogen vibrio. However, the complexity of infection that occurs in the natural environment remains poorly understood. In this study, we smulated a natural disease outbreak by vibrio immersion infection to study the diversity and dynamics of microbiota in the digestive tract of clam Meretrix petechialis during the infection process. Dramatic changes in operational taxonomic unit richness and phylum composition of the bacterial communities were observed during pathogen invasion. In addition, we investigated the potential relationship between microbiota dynamics and host status during disease progression. Results reveal that, at the end stage of vibrio infection, interindividual variation in the digestive tract microbiota increased, as did the difference in individual health status. The moribund clams displayed signs of microbial community shifts to low diversity, and the microbial community was characterized by mass proliferation of a few operational taxonomic units. Keyword: Meretrix petechialis; vibrio challenge; 16S ribosomal RNA; bacterial community; digestive tract
1 INTRODUCTION According to the latest the State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (SOFIA) report, bivalves are one of the most important food products for the aquaculture industry, and worldwide production (mainly oysters, mussels, clams, and scallops) reached a volume of 15 t with an economic value of more than $18 billion (FishStatJ, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) http://www.fao.org/fishery/ statistics/global-aquaculture-production/en). China is one of the main bivalve-producing countries, and the clam culture industry has become very important for many regions in China. However, some infectious diseases have frequently occurred over the last decade and have become the primary limiting factors for the
viability and development of the bivalve aqu
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