Microbiota, epidemiological and nutritional factors related to ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Microbiota, epidemiological and nutritional factors related to ketoacidosis at the onset of type 1 diabetes Ivana Rabbone2,3 · Deborah Traversi1 · Giacomo Scaioli1 · Camilla Vallini2 · Giulia Carletto1 · Irene Masante1 · Marilena Durazzo4 · Alessandro Collo4 · Paola Belci4 · Arianna Ferro4 · Francesco Cadario3 · Silvia Savastio3 · Deborah Carrera3 · Franco Cerutti1,2 · Roberta Siliquini1 Received: 25 February 2020 / Accepted: 28 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag Italia S.r.l., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Aims The incidence of type 1 diabetes has increased over the last decades. The pathological pathway is not yet clear, even if genetic and environmental risk factors are known. An early diagnosis can avoid ketoacidosis and its complications. This work aims to discuss the determinants of both ketoacidosis at the onset and access by hospital emergency departments without a suspected diagnosis. Methods An observational bi-centric prospective study was conducted in Northern Italy, on a paediatric population including Italian and migrant patients at the diabetes onset. Seventy-four type 1 diabetes patients, both Italian and migrant, were included in the study. Anthropometric, socio-economic, behavioural, clinical data were collected, and microbiota analyses were performed using stool samples. Results Regular physical activity is associated with lower ketoacidosis incidence at onset (OR 0.33 95% CI 0.12–0.95 p
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