Microfluidic Impedance Biosensors for Monitoring a Single and Multiple Cancer Cells in Anticancer Drug Treatments
In this work, we present a novel microfluidic impedance biosensor chip for trapping both a single and multiple cancer cells and monitoring their response to the anticancer drug treatment. By designing different sizes of working microelectrodes together wi
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Abstract
In this work, we present a novel microfluidic impedance biosensor chip for trapping both a single and multiple cancer cells and monitoring their response to the anticancer drug treatment. By designing different sizes of working microelectrodes together with the V-shaped cell capture structures, a single or multiple cells are trapped on the microelectrodes surfaces. In addition, by utilizing the passive pumping method, cells can be trapped and positioned inside the microchannels without the need of using the outer micro pump or syringe. The impedance change induced by the response of cells to the anticancer drug Cisplatin treatment was successfully recorded. The proposed biosensor chip has a great potential for applications in cancer cell research, drug screening, and quantification of cancer cells from various tumor stages. The results of this study open potential research collaborations about development of cost-effective devices and lab-on-chips for early disease detection, studies of cancerous cells and their response to anti-cancer drugs to optimize cancer treatments, characterisation of mechanical properties of cells, new drug delivery mechanisms, and micro and nano manufacturing. Keywords
Microfluidic
1
Biosensor
Introduction
Cell-based impedance biosensors have been recognized as valuable and powerful tools for detecting biochemical effects such as cellular physiological changes [1], pharmaceutical T.A. Nguyen (&) T.V. Nguyen T.V. Nguyen Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam e-mail: [email protected]@gmail.com D.T. Tran VNU University of Engineering and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam C.H. Le Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK V.B. Nguyen College of Engineering and Technology, University of Derby, Derby, UK H.Q. Le Saigon Hi-Tech Park—SHTP, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
Impedance
Single cell
Cancer
Anticancer drug treatment
effects [2], and environmental toxicities [3]. They can be used to study various cellular activities in a real-time, label-free and nondestructive manner, including cell spreading, growth, and motility; this is done via monitoring the electrical alternations at the interfaces between the cell and electrode [4, 5]. For conventional cell-based sensors, a large cell population is normally used and randomly positioned on the top of big-sized electrodes; this is due to their limited capabilities to trap and control a single cell [2, 6]. Therefore, the average measurement is assumed to represent the behavior of a typical cell within a cell population. This might lead to the inaccuracy or misleading results [7]. Therefore, there has been an emerging demand to develop innovative and smart devices which are able to be used to study the behaviors and signals from a single cell. Recently, the fast advancements of microfluidic techniques as well as micro and nano manufacturing brought many advantages for single cell studies [8, 9]. By owning unique features such as a small
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