Microstructural and magnetic properties of cadmium incorporated magnetic alloys as monolayer and multilayer coatings
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Microstructural and magnetic properties of cadmium incorporated magnetic alloys as monolayer and multilayer coatings Antonyraj Kanthiah1,* 1 2
, Ezhil Inban Manimaran1, and Rajesh Pactulingam2
Department of Physics, Government Arts College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641018, India Department of Chemistry, Government Arts College, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641018, India
Received: 1 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 9 September 2020
This study deals with the electrodeposition of cadmium incorporated Cobalt– Nickel magnetic alloy as monolayer and multilayers. Magnetic alloys have been electrodeposited on commercial copper plates from chloride-based electrolyte under the controlled deposition condition. Co–Ni–Cd monolayer coatings were electrodeposited from two different cadmium concentrations (0.1 and 0.2 M) whereas multilayer coatings were electrodeposited with and without the addition of sodium hypophosphite in the electrolyte. Microstructural properties of the prepared alloy coatings were studied using X-ray diffractogram, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) spectrum, which reveals the development of nano deposits with appropriate elements. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs of the alloys confirm nanostructure formation in both mono and multilayer coatings. Magnetic and corrosion properties of the coatings have been analyzed using the magnetic hysteresis loop (M–H plot) and immersion corrosion method. From this study, magnetic properties of cadmium incorporated coatings found to be closely related to magnetic elements, which leads to a significant change in the corrosion performance.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction Magnetic elements like Cobalt, Iron, Nickel, and its oxide combination have raised great attention regarding its application potential as magnetic sensors, recording media, computer read/write heads, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) devices, and electrochemical devices [1]. In the past few years, cobalt
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04467-4
alloys and cobalt oxides were immensely studied for their good electrochemical and magnetic properties. Ferromagnetic alloys like Co–Ni, Co–Fe, and Ni–Fe are of the present interest in magnetic sensor applications because of their interesting magnetic and mechanical properties [2]. Many non-magnetic elements like manganese, tungsten, platinum, [3] zinc [4–11], and phosphorous [12, 13] were electrodeposited with these ferromagnetic materials to get
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
better magnetic coercivity. Incorporation of this second phase materials can alter some factors such as particle size, composition in the coatings, which leads to the improvement in magnetic properties. In the past 20 years, non-magnetic elements like copper, manganese, and chromium grab more attention in mono and multilayer alloy deposition not only for their cost-effectiveness but also for these deposi
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