Migrant Citizenship from Below Family, Domestic Work, and Social Act
Migrant Citizenship from Below explores the dynamic local and transnational lives of Filipina and Filipino migrant domestic workers living in Schönberg, Germany. Shinozaki examines their irregular migrant citizenship status from 'above', which is produced
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Migrant Citizenship from Below Family, Domestic Work, and Social Activism in Irregular Migration
Kyoko Shinozaki
MIGRANT CITIZENSHIP FROM BELOW
Copyright © Kyoko Shinozaki, 2015.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-41043-6 All rights reserved. First published in 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States— a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-48897-1 ISBN 978-1-137-41042-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137410429 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shinozaki, Kyoko, author. Migrant citizenship from below : family, domestic work, and social activism in irregular migration / Kyoko Shinozaki. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Foreign workers, Filipino—Germany—Social conditions. 2. Household employees—Germany—Social conditions. 3. Philippines—Emigration and immigration—Social aspects. 4. Germany—Emigration and immigration—Social aspects. I. Title. HD8458.F55S54 2015 331.5440899921043—dc23
2014043784
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: May 2015 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my parents, Masami and Hiroyuki Shinozaki, and my partner, Matthias Gail, and my son, Elias Nozomi Gail
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Contents
List of Illustrations
ix
Acknowledgments
xi
List of Translations and Abbreviations Introduction
xvii 1
1
Migrant Citizenship from Below
19
2
Setting the Scene
37
3
Transforming a Private Home
71
4
Gendered Parenting across Borders
101
5
Social Activism in the Making
151
Conclusion
171
Notes
177
References
185
Index
213
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Illustrations
Figures 2.1
Women’s employment rates in Germany from 1983 to 2013
42
2.2
Remittance inflows to the Philippines
56
2.3
Annual deployment of OFWs
56
2.4
Deployment of OFWs by gender (new hires)
58
3.1
Five patterns of a living and working arrangement
83
Tables 3.1
Level of education: interview partners
74
3.2
Level of education: survey respondents
74
3.3
Profile of interview partners
76
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Acknowledgments
I
could not have written this book without the generous support of a number of people in different settings and localities. First and foremost, I am very grateful to the Filipina and Filipino migrants who participated in this study. Not only did they save their precious free time for me on the
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