Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Mediterranean and MENA
This book focuses on the Mediterranean/MENA migration crisis and explores the human security implications for migrants and refugees in this troubled region. Since the Arab uprisings of 2010/2011, the Middle East and North Africa region has experienced maj
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Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Mediterranean and MENA
Marion Boulby · Kenneth Christie Editors
Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Mediterranean and MENA
Editors Marion Boulby Department of History Trent University Peterborough, ON, Canada
Kenneth Christie Royal Roads University Victoria, BC, Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-70774-7 ISBN 978-3-319-70775-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70775-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018931910 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image: © Bliznetsov/Getty Images Cover design by Henry Petrides Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
For Sarah from Marion For Vera from Kenneth
Contents
Part I Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Twenty-First Century 1
Introduction: Migration, Refugees and Human Security in the Twenty-First Century 3 Kenneth Christie
2
Death of the Refugee: The Silence of Numbers 21 Nergis Canefe
3
Children and Youth in the Refugee Equation: Working with the Vulnerable 51 Kathleen Manion
Part II Case Studies 4
Causes and Mitigation 79 Stephanie D. Perham
5
From Failing States to Migration: The Role of Non-state Actors 115 Julia Rutz vii
viii
Contents
6
Intervention and Policy in the Mediterranean Refugee Crisis 139 Nur Koprulu
Part III Prescribing the Future of Human Security and Migration in MENA 7
The Middle East: Syrian Refugees, Human Security and Insecurity in Jordan 157 Marion Boulby
8
Human Trafficking and the Issue of Slavery in Supply Chains 177 Robert James Hanlon
9
Policy Responses: Too Little or Too Late? 199 Rute Baptist
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