Miniaturization of fluorescence sensing in optofluidic devices
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REVIEW
Miniaturization of fluorescence sensing in optofluidic devices Daniel Măriuţa1,2 · Stéphane Colin2 · Christine Barrot‑Lattes2 · Stéphane Le Calvé3,4 · Jan G. Korvink1 · Lucien Baldas2 · Jürgen J. Brandner1 Received: 14 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 July 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Successful development of a micro-total-analysis system (µTAS, lab-on-a-chip) is strictly related to the degree of miniaturization, integration, autonomy, sensitivity, selectivity, and repeatability of its detector. Fluorescence sensing is an optical detection method used for a large variety of biological and chemical assays, and its full integration within lab-on-a-chip devices remains a challenge. Important achievements were reported during the last few years, including improvements of previously reported methodologies, as well as new integration strategies. However, a universal paradigm remains elusive. This review considers achievements in the field of fluorescence sensing miniaturization, starting from off-chip approaches, representing miniaturized versions of their lab counter-parts, continuing gradually with strategies that aim to fully integrate fluorescence detection on-chip, and reporting the results around integration strategies based on optical-fiber-based designs, optical layer integrated designs, CMOS-based fluorescence sensing, and organic electronics. Further successful development in this field would enable the implementation of sensing networks in specific environments that, when coupled to Internetof-Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), could provide real-time data collection and, therefore, revolutionize fields like health, environmental, and industrial sensing. Keywords Lab-on-a-chip · Off/on-chip integration strategy · Lab-on-a-CMOS · Microfluidic-PCB · In-plane optics · Organic electronics · Fluorescence detection
1 Introduction Recent findings in the fields of microfluidics, integrated circuitry, microfabrication, and micromachining techniques have enabled considerable advancements in the miniaturized sensing technologies. Downscaling chemical and
* Jürgen J. Brandner [email protected] Daniel Măriuţa [email protected] Stéphane Colin stephane.colin@insa‑toulouse.fr Christine Barrot‑Lattes christine.lattes@insa‑toulouse.fr
biological sensors result not only in ultra-portable devices, but in advantages such as enhanced process performance, higher analysis speed and reduced reagent consumption, significantly lowering fabrication, maintenance, and operational costs (Shakoor et al. 2018). Some fields that benefit from these achievements are healthcare monitoring (Boppart 1
Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, Hermann‑von‑Helmholtz‑Platz 1, Eggenstein‑Leopoldshafen, Germany
2
Institut Clément Ader (ICA), CNRS, INSA, ISAE‑SUPAERO, Mines‑Albi, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
3
Group of Atmospheric Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy, Environment and Health (ICPEES), Univers
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