Mite Pests of Field Crops
A crop which is a volunteered or cultivated plant (any plant) whose product is harvested by a human at some point of its growth stage is known as a field crop. Field crops are grown on a large scale for food, clothing and other human uses. Many species of
- PDF / 1,321,803 Bytes
- 31 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 107 Downloads / 204 Views
13
Abstract
A crop which is a volunteered or cultivated plant (any plant) whose product is harvested by a human at some point of its growth stage is known as a field crop. Field crops are grown on a large scale for food, clothing and other human uses. Many species of spider mites and eriophyid mites are found in economic proportions both where these crops are grown as annual or perennial crops. Some species of spider mites appears as most important economic pests both in tropical and temperate regions particularly under hot and dry conditions. Cereal crops like barley, wheat, rice, oats, maize and sorghum, and pulse crops grown both in summer and winter season, are all damaged by one or the other mite pest at different crop stages. Damage on summer cultivated field crops is particularly more under hot and dry conditions. Besides causing damage to plants, eriophyid mites are also vectors of wheat streak mosaic virus and pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus disease. Barley yellow streak mosaic virus (BaYSMV) is also vectored by brown wheat mite (BWM). Panicle rice mite (PRM) infestation is concentrated on reproductive structures of plants during the milky stage of development resulting in deformation of the inflorescence and discolouration of rice hulls. Many mite species are considered as invasive pests and may prove troublesome in earlier uninfested areas. Keywords
Cereals • Spider mites • Sterility mosaic disease A crop which is a volunteered or cultivated plant (any plant) whose product is harvested by a human at some point of its growth stage is known as a field crop. Crops refer to plants of the same kind that are grown on a large scale for food, clothing and other human uses. They are nonanimal species or varieties grown to be for any other economic purpose.
© Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 M.S. Dhooria, Fundamentals of Applied Acarology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1594-6_13
275
276
13 Mite Pests of Field Crops
13.1 Cereals A cereal is a grass in the monocot family Poaceae (also known as Gramineae) cultivated for their edible grains. Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop. They are also known as staple crops.
13.1.1 Barley (Hordeum vulgare; Poaceae) Barley – a cereal grain – is the most important cereal crop in the world after rice, wheat and maize. Barley is a very adaptable and widely grown as a summer crop in temperate and as a winter crop in tropical areas. European Union, Russia, Ukraine, Canada, Australia and the USA are the major producers of barley. Brown Wheat Mite (Petrobia latens (Muller); BWM) Reported as a pest of both barley and wheat during dry weather and drought cycles. Prolonged drought cycles extending for multiple years or extended drought periods within a cropping season favour the mite which also transmits ‘barley yellow streak mosaic virus’ (BaYSMV) disease. BWM lays two types of eggs – red and white, which are attached to the soil particles near the base of barley or wheat plants. Red eggs ha
Data Loading...
