Modeling and analysis of distributed millimeter wave massive MIMO system using Poisson point processes
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Modeling and analysis of distributed millimeter wave massive MIMO system using Poisson point processes Jing Li1 • Dian-Wu Yue1
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This paper studies a downlink distributed millimeter wave massive multi-input multi-output (D-MIMO) system with radio access units (RAUs) and user equipments (UEs) following Poisson point processes (PPPs). Assuming the fading channel is composite, a hybrid precoding algorithm leveraging antenna array response vectors is applied in the D-MIMO system. First, the effects of the relationship between the numbers of RAUs and UEs on system behaviors are discussed. Two RAU allocation algorithms that can realize either the RAU allocation or user scheduling based on minimum distance (Distancebased) and maximum signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) (SINR-based) are proposed, respectively. Then, the lower bound of the asymptotic average spectral efficiency for the D-MIMO system using Distance-based RAU allocation algorithm is analyzed. Finally, numerical results are provided to assess analytical results and evaluate the impacts of RAU layouts, the densities of RAUs and UEs and the number of available radio frequency chains in each RAU on system performance. It is shown that, for highly-populated scenarios, the PPP-distributed RAU layout is more suitable for the D-MIMO system than the circular RAU layout, and the Distance-based scheme outperforms the SINR-based solution while providing more stable quality of service and requiring less iteration times. Keywords Millimeter wave Hybrid precoding Distributed Spectral efficiency Poisson point process
1 Introduction In order to sustain the spectral efficiency that the next generation wireless communication network is expected to provide, three basic pillars at the physical layer can be used: (i) exploiting new frequency bands, (ii) employing massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technique, and (iii) using ultra dense network (UDN) deployments [1]. Millimeter wave (mmWave) bands have been considered to be promising in addressing bandwidth shortage in conventional cellular bands [2, 3]. Studies show that mmWave channels have higher path losses and significantly less multipath richness than microwave channels [4]. To overcome the increased propagation losses at mmWave bands, & Dian-Wu Yue [email protected] Jing Li [email protected] 1
massive MIMO technique is introduced to provide both antenna directivity and array gains. The shorter wavelength at mmWave frequencies makes it possible to pack more antennas in a smaller physical dimension for high directional beamforming and large scale spatial multiplexing. However, a high degree of spatial correlation is likely to be generated when placing numerous antennas close together, which results in loss of orthogonality in mmWave channels [5]. Distributed antennas technique has been applied in conventional massive MIMO systems to shorten radio access distance, reduce chan
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