Modeling and Numerical Simulations

MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY No. 43 Edited by Mordechay Schlesinger University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada This volume contains eight chapters dealing with modeling and numeric simulations. Topics in Number 43 include: mathematical modeling in elect

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Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry Topics in Number 42 include: • The electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of Ruthenium in regards to the development of electrodes for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells • Breakthroughs in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) anodes and cathodes leading to improved electrocatalysis • Electrocatalysis of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on numerous metals • The interfacial phenomena of electrodeposition and codeposition, and the need for new theoretical analyses of the electrode-electrolyte interface • Advantages of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in understanding the basics of catalysis, electrocatalysis and electrodeposition • The role of electrochemistry in emerging technologies including electrodeposition and electroforming at the micro and nano levels, semiconductor and information storage, including magnetic storage devices, and modern medicine

Topics in Number 41 include: • Solid State Electrochemistry, including the major electrochemical parameters needed for the treatment of electrochemical cells as well as the discussion of electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices such as fuel cells • Nanoporous carbon and its electrochemical application to electrode materials for super capacitors in relationship to the key role nanoporous carbons have played in the purification of liquids and the storage of energy • The analysis of variance and covariance in electrochemical science and engineering • The use of graphs in electrochemical reaction networks, specifically: (1) reaction species graphs, (2) reaction mechanism graphs, and (3) reaction route graphs

MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY No. 43 Modeling and Numerical Simulations

Edited by

MORDECHAY SCHLESINGER University of Windsor ON, Canada

ABC

Mordechay Schlesinger Department of Physics University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B 3P4 Canada [email protected]

e-ISBN: 978-0-387-49582-8 ISBN: 978-0-387-49580-4 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-49582-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008936033 © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com

Preface

The present volume is devoted to modeling and numerical simulations in electrochemistry. Such a volume cannot be expected to limit itself to the treatment of topics and systems that narrowly defined th