Modeling Coastal Hypoxia Numerical Simulations of Patterns, Controls
This book provides a snapshot of representative modeling analyses of coastal hypoxia and its effects. Hypoxia refers to conditions in the water column where dissolved oxygen falls below levels that can support most metazoan marine life (i.e., 2 mg O2
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Modeling Coastal Hypoxia Numerical Simulations of Patterns, Controls and Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Dynamics
Modeling Coastal Hypoxia
Dubravko Justic ⋅ Kenneth A. Rose Robert D. Hetland ⋅ Katja Fennel Editors
Modeling Coastal Hypoxia Numerical Simulations of Patterns, Controls and Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Dynamics
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Editors Dubravko Justic Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA USA Kenneth A. Rose Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA USA
ISBN 978-3-319-54569-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-54571-4
Robert D. Hetland Department of Oceanography Texas A&M University College Station, TX USA Katja Fennel Department of Oceanography Dalhousie University Halifax, NS Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-54571-4
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017933669 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
The number of coastal hypoxic zones has been increasing at an exponential rate since the 1960s, and there are currently more than 600 documented hypoxic zones in the estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. These include the well-studied large systems affected by riverine inputs, as well as increasingly important deeper-water ocean shelf oxygen minimum zones and small, shallow coastal systems. Hypoxia causes the loss of habitat and the spatial displacement of plankton, large invertebrates, and fish, and is often associated with mass mortalities of marine organisms that live on or near the bottom. In addition to being a widespread environmental problem, coastal hypoxia influenced by riverine inputs i
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