Modeling nanoclay effects on different parameters of a clayey sand
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Modeling nanoclay effects on different parameters of a clayey sand Reza Kamgar1 · Mitra Salimi Naghani1 · Heisam Heidarzadeh1 · Fatemeh Nasiri Ardali1 Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Nanoparticles can improve soil properties. Nowadays, the tendency to produce nanomaterials and investment in this field has increased. In this paper, the basic soil characteristics were first obtained by conducting soil identification tests on a par‑ ticular soil (gradation, hydrometer, Atterberg limits, Gs, and standard compaction tests). Then, adding different amounts of nanoclay on the behavior of the soil (clayey sands) was investigated by performing specific gravity Gs, uniaxial, and direct shear tests. The results showed that adding nanoclay to some extent increased the unconfined compressive strength and cohe‑ sion of the soil. However, after a specific value, it did not have any significant effect on the compressive strength. Besides, it was observed that the amounts of cohesion, compressive strength, wet and dry densities increased due to an increase in the percentage of moisture. The results also showed that by increasing nanoclay up to 15%, the specific gravity increased and that addition of nanoclay more than this value did not affect it. Finally, the results indicated that nanoclay could be effective in improving the shear strength and its parameters. Still, the large amount of nanoclay may have negative effects on the soil strength parameters. Keywords Clayey sand · Soil improvement · Nanoclay · Specific gravity · Compressive strength · Shear strength
Introduction Many engineers consider soil as one of the basic materi‑ als used in construction projects. Various studies have been done by researchers on soil behavior and its engineering properties (Heidarzadeh and Kamgar 2020a, b; Jafarzadeh and Zamanian 2014, 2018). Clayey soils usually have low strength and bearing capacity with high compressibility. It might be suggested that soil improvement is one of the most important issues for researchers in geotechnical engineering. One of the techniques for soil improvement is soil stabiliza‑ tion with admixtures. In this regard, researchers have used various methods to improve the mechanical behavior of soils including adding cement to the soil (Consoli et al. 1998), using geosynthetics (Athanasopoulos 1996; Consoli et al. 2014; Latha and Murthy 2007), ash, polypropylene fibers (Akbulut et al. 2007; Nataraj and McManis 1997; Tang et al. 2007), polyethylene fibers (Akbulut et al. 2007), polyvinyl alcohol fibers (Park 2009), nylon fibers (Estabragh et al. * Reza Kamgar [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, Shahrekord University, P.O. Box. 88186‑34141, Shahrekord, Iran
2011), plastic waste (Consoli et al. 2002), tire waste fibers (Akbulut et al. 2007; Bekhiti et al. 2019), chemical stabiliz‑ ers (Radhakrishnan et al. 2017), and also adding natural fib‑ ers such as date palm fibers (Ahmad et al. 2010) and human hair to the soil
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