Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 on Different Parameters Related to Health Status of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhy
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Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 on Different Parameters Related to Health Status of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the Protection Against Yersinia ruckeri Yalda Hooshyar 1 & Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari 1 & Hamed Paknejad 2 & Hassan Gandomi 3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the current study, we investigated the effect of a probiotic bacterium (Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469) microencapsulated with alginate and hi-maize starch and coated with chitosan on improving growth factors, body composition, blood chemistry, and the immune response of rainbow trout (initial weight: 18.41 ± 0.32 g). Four experimental diets were formulated to feed fish for 60 days. They were control diet without any additive (C), diet added with beads without probiotic (E), a probiotic sprayed to the diet (L.r), and encapsulated probiotic supplemented diet (E-L.r). The results indicated that feeding with E-Lr significantly improved weight gain (84.98 g) and feed conversion ratio (0.95) compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). Also, fish fed E-Lr diet had a significantly higher value of whole-body protein (17.51%), total protein in the blood (4.98 g/dL), lysozyme (30.66 U/mL), alternative complement pathway hemolytic activity (134 U/mL), superoxide dismutase (203 U/mg protein), and catalase (528.33 U/mg protein) (P < 0.05) as compared to those fed the control diet. Similarly, a higher relative expression of immunerelated genes such as interleukin-1 (Il-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-1α) were reported in those fed E-L.r and L.r diets respectively. Interestingly, the fish fed dietary E-L.r had a significantly lower value of lipid in the whole body (4.82%) and cholesterol in the blood (160.67%) in comparison with those fed the control diet (P < 0.05). At the end of the experiment, all groups were challenged by Yersinia ruckeri where the survival rate of rainbow trout fed dietary E-L.r (70.36%) was statistically higher than that of the others (P < 0.05). Overall, the results suggested that encapsulated probiotic Lact. rhamnosus ATCC 7469 acted better than unencapsulated probiotic and has a potential to improve growth performance, flesh quality, and the immune response of rainbow trout. Keywords Immunostimulant . Lactobacillus rhamnosus . ATCC 7469 . Probiotic . Immunity . Hypocholesterolemic effect . Yersinia ruckeri
* Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari [email protected] Yalda Hooshyar [email protected] Hamed Paknejad [email protected] Hassan Gandomi [email protected] 1
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
2
Department of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3
Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Introduction Increasing population and the need to provide food for them has attracted the attention of the different countries to inc
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