Modern Astrometry

Astrometry is the domain of astronomy devoted to the determination of po­ sitions and their time-variations, and by extension, the apparent dimensions and shapes of celestial bodies. Although several books describe the theoretical foundations of positiona

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ASTRONOMY AND ASTRC)PHYSICS LIBRARY

Series Editors:

I. Appenzeller· G. Borner· M. Harwit . R. Kippenhahn P. A. Strittmatter . V. Trimble

LIBRARY

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ASTRONOMY ANI) ASTRC)PHYSICS LIBRARY

Series Editors:

I. Appenzeller . G. Borner . M. Harwit . R. Kippenhahn p. A. Strittmatter . V. Trimble

LIBRARY

The Solar System 2nd, Corrected and Revised Edition By T. Encrenaz and I-P' Bibring Astrophysical Concepts

2nd Edition By M. Harwit

Physics and Chemistry of Comets

Editor: W. E Huebner

Stellar Structure and Evolution Study Edition By R. Kippenhahn and A. Weigert Modern Astrometry By 1. Kovalevsky Observational Astrophysics

By P. Una

Astrophysics of Neutron Stars Supernovae

By V. M. Lipunov

Editor: A.Petschek

General Relativity, Astrophysics, and Cosmology By A. K. Raychaudhuri, S.Banerji and A. Banerjee Tools of Radio Astronomy

Study Edition

By K. Rohlfs

Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields Quantum Mechanical Treatment and Applications in Astrophysics and Quantum Chaos By H. Ruder, G. Wunner, H. Herold and F. Geyer The Stars

By E. L. Schatzman and E Praderie

Physics of the Galaxy and Interstellar Matter By H. Scheffler and H. Elsasser Gravitational Lenses

By P. Schneider, I Ehlers and E. E. Falco

Relativity in Astrometry, Celestial Mechanics and Geodesy By M. H. Soffel The Sun An Introduction

Study Edition

By M. Stix

Galactic and Extragalactic Radio Astronomy Editors: G. L. Verschuur and K.1. Kellermann

2nd Edition

J. Kovalevsky

Modern Astrometry With 137 Figures

Springer

Professor Jean Kovalevsky Departernent CERGA, Observatoire de la Cote d' Azur Avenue Copernic, F-06130 Grasse, France

Series Editors Immo Appenzeller

Rudolf Kippenhahn

Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Rautenbreite 2 D-37077 Gottingen, Germany

Gerhard Borner

Peter A. Strittmatter

MPI fUr Physik und Astrophysik Institut fiir Astrophysik Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 D-85748 Garching bei Miinchen, Germany

Steward Observatory The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, USA

Virginia Trimble

Martin Harwit The National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution 7th St. and Independence Ave. S. W. Washington, DC 20560, USA

Astronomy Program University of Maryland College Park, MD 20742, USA and Department of Physics University of California Irvine, CA 92717, USA

Cover picture: The most advanced instrument in modern astrometry is the satellite Hipparcos launched in August 1989 by the European Space Agency. This artist's representation shows the baffle aiming at one of the two simultaneous fields of view. The outcome of this mission consists of the positions, annual proper motions, and parallaxes of about 118000 stars with a mean accuracy of the order of I to 1.5 thousandths of a second of arc. (Photo: by courtesy of ESA)

ISBN 978-3-662-03140-7 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Kovalevsky, Jean. Modern astrometry 1 Jean Kovalevsky. p. cm. - (Astronomy and astrophysics library) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-662-03140-7 ISBN 978-3-662-03138-4 (eBook) DOI 10.10