Modern sedimentation in the wave-dominated delta beach bar sedimentary system of the Fenghe River in Jiaonan, Qingdao
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Modern sedimentation in the wave-dominated delta beach bar sedimentary system of the Fenghe River in Jiaonan, Qingdao Longwei Qiu 1,2 & Yelei Wang 1 & Yongjie Hu 3 & Honghao Zhao 1 & Lijiong Chen 4 Received: 20 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 / Published online: 11 November 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Detailed analysis of a typical wave-dominated delta beach bar sedimentary system of the Fenghe River, in Qingdao, China, concentrated on identifying the sedimentological characteristics of wave-dominated delta beach bar sedimentary system. The aim of the study was to establish a sedimentological facies model for similar deposits. Using well-established sedimentological criteria for recognizing the characteristic of wave-dominated delta beach bar. This modern sedimentary system mainly hosts front subfacies, as well as sedimentary microfacies like underwater snake-like channel, mouth bar, distal bar, and sheet sand. From the river entrance to the mouth bar, more than 80% of the area is occupied by sheet sand, which is distributed widely across a flat terrain. The sheet sand is dominated by wave-built sedimentary structures, plus a few current-formed sedimentary structures. The sheet sand can be divided into an underwater shoal parallel to the coastline and a stable crescent-shaped above-water bar. The underwater shoal is a long ellipse in the plan and an asymmetric shape that is gentle seawards and steep landwards in the vertical section. The sedimentary structures are dominated by wave-formed ripple marks and cross bedding, overlaid with swash bedding. The above-water bar is composed of two bars formed at different stages. The sedimentary structures are dominated by swash bedding, low-angle wedge bedding, and wind-formed sedimentary structure. Both underwater shoal and the above-water bar are resulted from the transformation and redistribution of the sediments on the delta front sheet sand by waves. The two parts reflect a sedimentary association of genetic significance in the sedimentary environment of wave-dominated delta front. Keywords Sedimentary system . Wave-dominated delta . Sedimentary model . Fenghe River
Introduction Delta beach bars are formed by restirring, transporting, and redepositing sand bodies (river, delta, fan delta, etc.) gathered This article is part of the Topical Collection on Big Data and Intelligent Computing Techniques in Geosciences * Longwei Qiu [email protected] 1
School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
2
Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
3
Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
4
Sichuan Manqiao Technology CO., LTD, Chengdu 610041, China
into the sea by hydrodynamic forces such as waves and river currents (Clifton 2003; Houser and Greenwood 2005). Its sedimentary characteristics, scale, and spatial distrib
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