Modified starch with bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate: synthesis, characterization and elaboration of films

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ORIGINAL PAPER

Modified starch with bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate: synthesis, characterization and elaboration of films Silvia Ramírez-Centeno 1 & Angel Marcos-Fernández 2 & Alejandro Aparicio-Saguilán 1 & Rodrigo Navarro-Crespo 2 & José Eduardo Báez-García 3 & Delia Esther Páramo-Calderón 1 & Aurelio Ramírez-Hernández 1 Received: 19 June 2020 / Accepted: 10 August 2020 / Published online: 17 August 2020 # The Polymer Society, Taipei 2020

Abstract Banana starch was modified with B bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and its instrumental characterization allowed to propose a chemical structure. In the carbon 6 (C6) of the starch the modification reaction was carried out. The morphology of starch changes due to its chemical modification. The modified starch showed a lower crystallinity and thermal stability, compared to the native starch favoring its film formation. The electrical conductivity of the modified starch films was 2.7 times higher than that for the native starch film. The aqueous hydrolysis of the modified starch films was carried out obtaining a degradation of 77% in a determined time. Modified starch films present different mechanical properties compared to native starch film. These results have high application potential to be used in PET degradation products. Keywords BHET . Banana starch . Modified starch . Films

Introduction In recent years, starch has attracted a lot of attention as a plastic material to compete with conventional nonbiodegradable plastics and to counteract the environmental pollution caused by these [1–5]. However, the plastics based on starch are hydrophilic with high permeability to gases and water, and have poor mechanical properties, these characteristics being their main disadvantages to compete with synthetic plastics. Therefore, starch has been modified in recent years by different chemical, physical, genetic and enzymatic methods, in order to improve its physical and chemical characteristics [6–11]. Starch is a granular polysaccharide that is Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-020-02249-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Aurelio Ramírez-Hernández [email protected] 1

Departamento de Química, Universidad del Papaloapan, Circuito Central 200, Tuxtepec C.P. 68301 Oaxaca, México

2

Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP), C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, España

3

División de Ciencias Exactas Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta S/N, C.P. 36050, Guanajuato Guanajuato, México

abundantly found in nature and is the main source of natural energy storage for plants. This biopolymer can be obtained from cereals, tubers, legumes and some fruits, such as mango and bananas. Banana is grown and harvested in large quantities worldwide in all seasons. It is known that the banana has a high content of starch and amylose compared to other conventional sources (for example, potatoes and corn), which favors its chemical modificat