Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology Volume 1: Molecular

Molecular Toxicology is the first volume of a three-volume set Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology that offers a comprehensive and in-depth response to the increasing importance and abundance of chemicals in daily life. By providing intr

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Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology Volume 1: Molecular Toxicology Edited by Andreas Luch

Birkhäuser Verlag Basel · Boston · Berlin

Editor Andreas Luch Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Thielallee 88-92 14195 Berlin Germany

Library of Congress Control Number: 2008938291 Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de

ISBN 978-3-7643-8335-0

Birkhäuser Verlag AG, Basel – Boston – Berlin

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in other ways, and storage in data banks. For any kind of use, permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. The publisher and editor can give no guarantee for the information on drug dosage and administration contained in this publication. The respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other sources of reference in each individual case. The use of registered names, trademarks etc. in this publication, even if not identified as such, does not imply that they are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations or free for general use.

© 2009 Birkhäuser Verlag AG Basel – Boston – Berlin P.O. Box 133, CH-4010 Basel, Switzerland Part of Springer Science+Business Media Printed on acid-free paper produced from chlorine-free pulp. TFC ∞ Cover illustration: with friendly permission of Andreas Luch Cover design: Benjamin Blankenburg, Basel, Switzerland

Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-7643-8335-0 987654321

e-ISBN 978-3-7643-8336-7 www. birkhauser.ch

V

Contents List of contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

VII

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

XI

Antoinette N. Hayes and Steven G. Gilbert Historical milestones and discoveries that shaped the toxicology sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

David Kim and Leena A. Nylander-French Physiologically based toxicokinetic models and their application in human exposure and internal dose assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37

Wolfgang Dekant The role of biotransformation and bioactivation in toxicity . . . . . . . . .

57

David H. Phillips and Volker M. Arlt Genotoxicity: damage to DNA and its consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

87

Ulrike Camenisch and Hanspeter Naegeli Role of DNA repair in the protection against genotoxic stress . . . . . . . 111 Andreas Luch On the impact of the molecule structure in chemical carcinogenesis . . 151 Johan Högberg, Ilona Silins and Ulla Stenius Chemical induced alterations in p53 signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Roberto Sánchez-Olea Mónica R. Calera and Ale