Molecular dynamics simulation of ferronanofluid behavior in a nanochannel in the presence of constant and time-dependent
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Molecular dynamics simulation of ferronanofluid behavior in a nanochannel in the presence of constant and time‑dependent magnetic fields Masoud Farzinpour1 · Davood Toghraie1 · Babak Mehmandoust1 · Farshid Aghadavoudi1 · Arash Karimipour2 Received: 3 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In this work, the molecular dynamics method is implemented to study the time evolution of water/Fe3O4 nanofluid dynamics with constant and time-dependent magnetic fields. The nanochannel with four walls is simulated to carrier water base-fluid and spherical F e3O4 nanoparticles in a nanochannel. Simulations reveal that the density, velocity, and temperature profiles of nanofluid inside copper nanochannel are increased by increasing the nanoparticle numbers. Our results show that the simulated nanofluids with magnetic forces agglomerate faster. Furthermore, the effects of nanoparticles’ number on the aggregation process are examined. Also, when the magnetic fields are subjected to nanofluid atomic structure, this external parameter prevents the aggregation of F e3O4 nanoparticles, and so the assembly rate decreases and needed longer time for this phenomenon to occur. Physically, our results show that the magnetic field with normal direction to the nanofluid flow affects to the simulation process. This external parameter avoids the movement of nanoparticles along the fluid flow direction, and aggregation of these nanostructures occurs at a long time. Keywords Nanofluid · Molecular dynamics simulation · Nanochannel · Magnetic field · Copper · Fe3O4
Introduction A nanofluid mixture is a base-fluid containing nanoparticles. These atomic mixtures are optimized colloidal mixtures of nanoparticles in a base-fluid [1, 2]. The nanoparticles which inserted in nanofluids are commonly composed of carbides, oxides, metals, and carbon structures. Common fluids include water, ethylene glycol, and oil molecules [3]. In this research, we use water molecules for base-fluid simulation and Fe3O4 as nanoparticles. Previous reports show that nanofluids have interesting properties which make these structures potentially applicable in common aims for Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09846-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Davood Toghraie [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
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industry [4, 5], including electronics, fuel cells, pharmaceutical processes, and advanced engines, engine cooling/ vehicle thermal management, domestic refrigerator, chiller, heat exchanger, in grinding, machining and in boiler flue gas temperature reduction. These nanostructures show good mechanical properties and the thermodynamic manner compared to the simple fluids [6]. Knowledge of the rheological manner o
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