Monitoring the side effects with DSC caused by cyclophosphamide treatment
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Monitoring the side effects with DSC caused by cyclophosphamide treatment Péter Farkas1 · Franciska Könczöl2 · Dénes Lőrinczy3 Received: 15 July 2019 / Accepted: 14 November 2019 © The Author(s) 2019
Abstract Polyneuropathy is defined as a simultaneous malfunction of several peripheral nerves, which could be a side effect of a cancer therapy (using cyclophosphamide) as well. In the daily use, it is very important to know the kinetics and metabolism of anticancer drugs because this way we can estimate their undesirable consequences to avoid the unwanted complications. Nowadays, the application of DSC in diagnosis of different diseases using blood compounds is increasing; therefore, the purpose of recent study was to introduce at the first time the DSC in the detection of cyclophosphamide-induced changes in plasma and red blood cells in case of an experimental animal model. Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus, n = 60, in 12 different groups) underwent to cyclophosphamide treatment administrated intraperitoneally with the dose comparable to the human dosage. At the end of treatments, the animals were euthanized, and the experimental samples (plasma end red blood cells) were analyzed by a SETARAM Micro DSC-II calorimeter. The denaturation temperatures and the calorimetric enthalpies were calculated from the heat flow curves. Our results exhibited a dose-dependent difference between thermal parameters of untreated and treated samples, demonstrating that DSC is applicable in this field too. After deconvolution of DSC scans, the changes could be assigned to the attacked compounds. Recently published papers call the attention for this technique more frequently in the medical diagnosis because this way from small amount of sample very quickly and economically possible to detect and predict the expected and unwanted side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Keywords Polyneuropathia · Cyclophosphamide · Blood plasma and red blood cell · DSC
Introduction The cyclophosphamide is a widely used anticancer drug and is on the most important drugs’ list of WHO. It is widely used in different treatments (e.g., immunological diseases, various cancers and organ transplantations) [1]. Besides some beneficial effects, it has many short- and long-term side effects [2–5]. Its kinetics and metabolism has a big variability; this way is rather difficult to predict its therapeutic and side effects. We have increasing demand in the daily
* Dénes Lőrinczy [email protected] 1
Clinics of Radiology, University of Pécs, Szigeti str. 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
2
Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti str. 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
3
Institute of Biophysics School of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti str. 12, Pécs 7624, Hungary
practice for an efficient and useful method to measure its amount in blood plasma or other blood compound [6–8]. Plasma is a transporter of substances that are important to the body. It contains roughly 90% water, and many types of plasma proteins. Plasma proteins are more than 200 with fun
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