Monodispersed gold nanoparticles entrapped in ordered mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites as xanthine oxidase mimic
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Monodispersed gold nanoparticles entrapped in ordered mesoporous carbon/silica nanocomposites as xanthine oxidase mimic for electrochemical sensing of xanthine Yiran Wang 1 & Hongbin Zhao 1 & Huixian Song 1 & Junping Dong 1 & Jiaqiang Xu 1 Received: 1 November 2019 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Monodispersed Au nanoparticles in ordered mesoporous carbon/silica (Au/OMCS) nanocomposites were prepared by the solvent evaporation induced self-assembly. Au/OMCS nanocomposites were characterized through XRD, BET, and TEM. The obtained nanocomposites exhibit uniform mesopores with the size of 18 ± 2 nm. And ultrafine Au nanoparticles with the size of 3~7 nm are well dispersed in the cavities. An ultrasensitive nanoenzyme sensor was fabricated based on a Au/OMCSmodified electrode. The Au/OMCS-modified electrode displays high xanthine oxidase–like catalytic activity evaluated through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The DPV response currents are linearly dependent on concentrations of xanthine (Xa) in the range 0.10–20 μM, along with a high sensitivity of 6.84 μA μM−1 cm−2 and very low detection limit of 0.006 μM (S/N = 3) under the optimal working potential of 0.64 V vs. SCE. Interference experiments show that the nanoenzyme sensor has no obvious responses to most potentially interfering species at a potential of 0.64 V. The fabricated sensor has been applied to the determination of Xa in spiked urine samples with recoveries ranging from 98.26 to 101.4%. Keywords Enzyme mimic . Oxidase-like activity . Xanthine . Mesoporous carbon/silica . Au nanoparticles
Introduction Xanthine (Xa) is a degradation product of purine metabolite and serves as an indicator of many clinical disorders and diseases, such as hyperuricemia, gout, xanthinuria, and renal failure [1, 2]. Hence, the quantification of concentration level of Xa in blood or urine is very important for clinical diagnosis and medical management of various diseases. Till now, several analytical methods have been developed for Xa determination [3, 4]. The common analytical methods include fluorescent spectrometry, mass spectrum, and highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These methods Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04494-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Junping Dong [email protected] * Jiaqiang Xu [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
require expensive material and apparatus as well as fastidious sample preparation, which are unable to meet the requirements for rapid analysis under special conditions and limit their application. Compared with above methods, electrochemical methods may be a great choice for their simplicity, sensitivity, low cost and rapid response. Various electrochemical sensors based on immobilized xanthine oxidase (XOD) have been applied to
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