Multi-criteria evaluation of the socioeconomic impact of mining in Canada from a sustainable development perspective: a
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Multi‑criteria evaluation of the socioeconomic impact of mining in Canada from a sustainable development perspective: a theoretical model El Hadj Matar Gueye1 · Adel Badri1 · Bryan Boudreau‑Trudel2 Received: 27 May 2019 / Accepted: 14 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The socioeconomic impact of mining in Canada has positive and negative aspects. Effective evaluation of its impact suffers from the inadequacy of the criteria and indicators chosen to measure its sustainability and the limitations of the current means used to minimize the subjectivity of expert judgments. Constraints associated with legislation and standards governing mining activities must also be considered. In this study, a theoretical model is proposed for evaluating the socioeconomic impact of mining in Canada. This model combines the multi-criteria analysis methods known as the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy integrated judgment. Based on a simulation, the model is able to take into account the subjectivity of expert judgments. In addition to reducing this subjectivity and allowing measurement of sensitivity, the model provided an overview of the progress achieved by a mine during its transition towards sustainable development. Keywords Sustainable development · Socioeconomic impact · Multi-criteria evaluation · Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) · Fuzzy integrated judgment (FIJ) · Mining · Canada
1 Introduction The mining industry in Quebec is a major contributor to the socioeconomic development of the nation through the exportation, job creation and technological progress. In spite of this contribution, the reputation of the Quebec mining sector has been compromised by certain unenviable factors and unfortunate events (Rodon and Lévesque 2015). This situation has motivated several players to undertake the transition of this industry towards sustainable development. Several elements explain the perceived need for such a change. These include new and constraining legislation regarding the environment and
* Adel Badri [email protected] 1
Industrial Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois‑Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada
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Department of Management, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn‑Noranda, QC J9X 5E4, Canada
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occupational health and safety as well as increasing public awareness of the negative impact that the industry can have in these realms (Jenkins 2004). Current models of the socioeconomic impact of industries present limitations that raise questions about the reliability of the evaluations they provide. In the case of the mining industry, the criteria and indicators of impact on sustainable development often appear to be poorly matched with the setting being studied (Petrov et al. 2013). Another concern is the suitability of the method used to measure the performance of the mine. The challenge of controlling the subjectivity of expert judgments continues to undermine the reliability of evaluations
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