Multifunctional hybrid sol-gel coatings for Marine Renewable Energy Applications: Synthesis, Characterization and Compar
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MRS Advances © 2020 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2020.157
Multifunctional hybrid sol-gel coatings for Marine Renewable Energy Applications: Synthesis, Characterization and Comparative Analysis with Organically Modified Silicon Precursor Coatings Manasa Hegde1, Yvonne Kavanagh1, Brendan Duffy2 and Edmond F. Tobin1 1
Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
2
CREST, Focas Institute, Technical University of Dublin, Ireland
ABSTRACT
Hybrid coatings for cavitation erosion protection of aluminum alloys, have been developed, based on a sol-gel process and applied by the dip coating technique. This work aims to investigate established hybrid sol-gel coatings synthesized using organically modified silicon precursor 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTMS) mixed with zirconium (IV) propoxide. In the present research, the established baseline coatings were modified by adding different concentrations (1%, 1.5% and 2%) of cross-linkable hexamethylenediisocyanate (HMDI) diluted in 60% ethanol. The influences of the amount of crosslinker incorporated into the coatings on abrasion, corrosion and cavitation erosion protection were studied. The hydrophobic nature, thermal and electrochemical properties of the coatings were evaluated using Water Contact Angle (WCA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Potentiodynamic polarization (PDS) techniques. Furthermore, cavitation erosion and abrasion tests were completed on all coatings and rankings of these were produced based on mass loss measurements and derived mean depth of erosion.
INTRODUCTION Aluminum (Al) alloys are extensively used in marine applications due to its exceptional physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Despite that, these Al alloys go through a natural degradation when exposed to the corrosive and erosive conditions of the marine environment [1]. Failure of these marine based materials are often caused due to
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cavitation erosion [2]. Within the marine renewable energy sector, tidal turbines can suffer from cavitation erosion and require protective layers to resist this erosive mechanism. Due to environmental concerns, traditional chromate-based coatings are being phased out and the present focus is on the advancement of chromate free coating systems [3]. Therefore, the current industry focus is on the development of eco-friendly and non-toxic coating systems [4]. One family of such coatings employed are sol-gels [5]. The sol-gel methodology is a technique that produces coatings with hybrid material properties which satisfy several of the demands of industrial applications. Sol-Gel coatings have good physiochemical and thermal properties and are compatible with a wide range of substrates [6]. Organic-inorganic hybrid coatings, synthesized by the solgel
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