Multimodal imaging with integrated auto-fluorescence and optical coherence tomography for identification of neck tissues
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Multimodal imaging with integrated auto-fluorescence and optical coherence tomography for identification of neck tissues Hongming Pan 1 & Zihan Yang 1 & Jingzhu Zhao 2 & Yang Yu 2 & Yanmei Liang 1 Received: 20 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We report a multimodal optical system by combining OCT with autofluorescence imaging for identifying neck tissues, which can use the advantages of large field of view and high sensitivity for identifying parathyroid glands of fluorescence imaging, and high-resolution structural imaging of OCT to confirm them and identify lymph nodes and metastatic lymph nodes at the same time. It is proven that this multimodal optical system can be used to identify different neck tissues effectively and efficiently. We think that integrated auto-fluorescence and OCT imaging have the great potential in the application of navigation and assistant diagnosis of thyroid surgery. Keywords Multimodal optical system . Fluorescence imaging . Optical coherence tomography . Thyroid surgery . Parathyroid . Metastatic lymph nodes
Introduction Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignant tumor, and its incidence has been increasing in recent decades [1]. In 2019, thyroid cancer is estimated to become the sixth most common cancer among women in the USA [2]. Surgical resection is one of the most commonly used and effective methods for the treatment of thyroid cancer. In order to prevent hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy, parathyroid cannot be damaged or removed. On the other hand, in order to prevent recurrence of tumors, metastatic lymph nodes need to be thoroughly dissected. Therefore, location and identification of parathyroid and metastatic lymph nodes are important during surgery. Because of its small size and variable anatomical location, the parathyroid gland is easily confused with the Hongming Pan and Zihan Yang contributed equally to this work. * Yanmei Liang [email protected] 1
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
2
Department of Thyroid and Neck Tumor, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
surrounding tissues, and it is difficult to differentiate them grossly. Although it can be done with histological examination, it is not practical during thyroidectomy. Parathyroid gland is routinely identified intraoperatively by frozen section before auto-transplantation [3], but it takes a relatively long time, and especially may sacrifice 1/4 to 1/3 of parathyroid gland. In the field of fluorescence molecular imaging, some staining agents, such as indocyanine green and methylene blue, have been used to enhance the fluorescence of parathyroid tissue, but these methods require intravenous injection and may cause some potential side effects [4–7]. In 20
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