Multiphase Flow Dynamics 4 Turbulence, Gas Adsorption and Release, D

The present Volume 4 of the successful monograh package “Multiphase Flow Dynamics”is devoted to selected Chapters of the multiphase fluid dynamics that are important for practical applications but did not find place in the previous volumes. The state of t

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Nikolay Ivanov Kolev

Multiphase Flow Dynamics 4 Turbulence, Gas Adsorption and Release, Diesel Fuel Properties

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Author Dr. Nikolay Ivanov Kolev Möhrendorferstr. 7 91074 Herzogenaurach Germany E-mail: [email protected]

ISBN 978-3-642-20748-8

e-ISBN 978-3-642-20749-5

DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-20749-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2011934153 c 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg  This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typeset & Cover Design: Scientific Publishing Services Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India. Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com

To Iva, Rali and Sonja with love

Balkan, Bulgaria (painting by Nikolay Ivanov Kolev, 2000)

My first physics teacher, my father Ivan Gutev (drawing by Nikolay Ivanov Kolev, 2000)

Ɋɨɞɢɧɚ ɑɟ ɫɢ ɧɟɳɨ ɩɨɜɟɱɟ ɞɴɥɛɨɤɨ ɜ ɦɟɧɟ ɫɟɳɚɦ, ɨɬɤɨɥɤɨɬɨ ɡɟɦɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɢ ɨɛɝɴɪɧɚɬɚ, ɩɨ ɬɪɴɩɧɟɳɚɬɚ ɛɨɥɤɚ, ɤɨɹɬɨ ɱɟɫɬo ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɦ, ɫ ɤɨɫɭɪɢɬɟ ɬɢ ɫɩɨɪɟɣɤɢ ɢ ɫ ɜɹɪɚɬɚ ɧɟɜɴɪɧɚɬɚ. ɇɚɦɢɪɚɦ ɬɟ ɜ ɢɡɝɚɪɹɳɢɹ ɩɨɪɢɜ ɞɚ ɬɟ ɜɢɞɹ ɤɨɜɹɳɚ ɦɨɳɧɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɧɨɜɨɬɨ ɩɨɞ ɫɢɧɢɹ ɬɢ ɩɨɤɪɢɜ, ɞɚ ɩɨɦɢɬɚ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɞɟɦɚɝɨɝɢɢ. ɇɚɦɢɪɚɦ ɬɟ ɜ ɩɭɥɫɢɪɚɳɚɬɚ ɦɢɫɴɥ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɹ ɢɧɬɟɥɟɤɬ ɧɟɳɨ ɞɚ ɬɢ ɞɚɦ, ɱɟ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɢ ɢ ɥɚɤɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɴɬ ɟ ɨɬɩɢɫɚɥ ɨɬ ɫɪɟɞɫɜɚɬɚ ɝɪɚɞɹɳɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɚ ɬɴɣ ɠɟɥɚɧ. ȼ ɨɧɟɡɢ ɯɨɪɚ ɬɟ ɧɚɦɢɪɚɦ, ɤɨɢɬɨ ɫ ɜɴɡɪɨɠɞɟɧɫɤɢ ɞɭɯ ɝɨɪɹɬ ɢ ɫ ɩɥɚɦɴɤɚ ɫɢ ɛɴɞɧɨɬɨ ɬɪɚɫɢɪɚɬ, ɟɞɧɢɱɤɚ ɩɨɥɡɚ ɬɟ ɡɚ ɬɟɛ ɞɚ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɬ. Ɍɟ ɱɟɫɬɨ ɫɢ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɬ ɧɟɪɚɡɛɪɚɧɢ, ɩɨɧɹɤɨɝɚ ɝɢ ɫɦɚɡɜɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɬɢɹ, ɧɨ ɦɚɤɚɪ ɢ ɫɥɟɞ ɝɨɞɢɧɢ, ɥɟɤɭɜɚɣɤɢ ɬɟɡ ɪɚɧɢ, ɩɪɟɜɪɴɳɚɲ ɞɟɥɨɬɨ ɢɦ ɜ ɫɜɟɬɢɧɹ. 1983 Sofia

Nikolay Ivanov Kolev, PhD, DrSc (born 1/8/1951, Gabrowo, Bulgaria)

Summary

This monograph contains theory, methods and practical experience for describing complex transient multi-phase processes in arbitrary geometrical configurations. It is intended to help applied scientists and practicing engineers to better understand natural and industrial processes containing dynamic evolutions of complex multiphase flows. It is also intended to be a useful source of information for students in the high semesters and in PhD programs. The monograph consists of five volumes: • • • • •

Volume 1, Fundamentals. Volume 2, Mechanical interactions. Volume 3, Thermal interactions. Volume 4, Turbulence, gas absorption and release, diesel fuel properties. Volume 5, Nuclear thermal hydraul