Muonography of Large Natural and Industrial Objects
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ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS Experiment
Muonography of Large Natural and Industrial Objects A. K. Abiev1) , A. V. Bagulya2), M. M. Chernyavsky2), A. A. Dimitrienko3) , A. A. Gadjiev4) , M. S. Gadjiev1) , V. I. Galkin5) , A. A. Gippius2), L. A. Goncharova2), V. M. Grachev6) , A. S. Konovalov7), N. S. Konovalova2), 3) , A. K. Managadze8) , N. M. Okateva2), 3) , N. G. Polukhina2), 3), 6) , T. M. Roganova8) , T. V. Shchedrina2), 3)* , N. I. Starkov2), 3) , A. A. Teymurov4), V. E. Tioukov2), 9) , S. G. Vasina2), 10) , and P. I. Zarubin2), 10) Received July 26, 2019; revised July 26, 2019; accepted July 26, 2019
Abstract—Cosmic ray muonography is a novel technique for imaging of the internal structures of large natural and industrial objects. It exploits the capability of high energy muons from cosmic rays to penetrate large thicknesses of large subjects to be studied, in order to obtain a density map. It uses muon flux attenuation and absorption in materials of investigated objects. Nuclear emulsions are tracking detectors well suited to be employed in muonography for investigations of inner structure of large objects up to kilometers size, since emulsions have firstly an excellent angular resolution, they are compact and robust, do not require power supply. The muonography methods are applied to study one of UNESCO world heritage objects, the unusual building in the Naryn-Kala citadel hidden underground. The use of nuclear emulsions as probing radiation detectors provides for a uniquely high resolution capacity of recording instrumentation combined with the potential of modern image analysis methods giving 3D reconstruction of the internal structures of the investigated object. DOI: 10.1134/S1063778819660025
INTRODUCTION Cosmic ray muonography is a promising alternative technique for imaging of the internal structures of large natural and industrial objects, up to kilometers in size. It exploits the capability of high energy muons of cosmic ray origin to penetrate deeply into matter and allows to obtain density map of the investigated objects based on the attenuation of initial muon flux. To do this, muon flux attenuation and absorption 1)
Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography, Dagestan Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. 2) Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. 3) National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia. 4) Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. 5) Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. 6) National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia. 7) Russian State Geological Prospecting University n.a. Sergo Ordzhonikidzе, Moscow, Russia. 8) Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. 9) INFN Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, Italy. 10) Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, Russia. * E-mail: [email protected]
in materials of the investigated objects are studied. In the last decad
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