Muscle activity in asymmetric bench press among resistance-trained individuals
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Muscle activity in asymmetric bench press among resistance‑trained individuals Atle Hole Saeterbakken1 · Tom Erik J. Solstad1 · David G. Behm2 · Nicolay Stien1 · Matthew Peter Shaw1 · Helene Pedersen1 · Vidar Andersen1 Received: 4 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose To determine the effects of asymmetric loads on muscle activity with the bench press. Method Seventeen resistance-trained men performed one familiarization session including testing one repetition maximum (1RM) and three 5 repetition maximum (RM) lifts; using symmetric loads, 5% asymmetric loads, and 10% asymmetric loads. The asymmetric loading (i.e., reduced load on one side) was calculated as 5% and 10% of the subject`s 1RM load. In the experimental session, the three conditions of 5RM were conducted with electromyographic activity from the pectoralis major, triceps brachii, biceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, and external oblique on both sides of the body. Results On the loaded side, asymmetric loads reduced triceps brachii activation compared to symmetric loads, whereas the other muscles demonstrated similar muscle activity between the three conditions. On the de-loaded side, 10% asymmetry in loading resulted in lower pectoralis major, anterior deltoid, and biceps brachii activation compared to 5% asymmetric and symmetric loading. On the de-loaded side, only pectoralis major demonstrated lower muscle activation than symmetric loads. Furthermore, asymmetric loads increased external oblique activation on both sides compared to symmetric loads. Conclusions Asymmetric bench press loads reduced chest and shoulder muscle activity on the de-loaded side while maintaining the muscle activity for the loaded side. The authors recommend resistance-trained participants struggling with strength imbalances between sides, or activities require asymmetric force generation (i.e., alpine skiing or martial arts), to implement asymmetric training as a supplement to the traditional resistance training. Keywords Rehabilitation · Instability · Electromyographic · Asymmetry loading · Resistance training · Performance Abbreviations ANOVA Analysis of variance ES Effect size EMG Electromyography MVC Maximum voluntary contraction RM Repetition maximum RMS Root-mean-square
Communicated by Toshio Moritani. * Atle Hole Saeterbakken [email protected] 1
Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Education, Arts and Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Sogndal, PB 133, 6851 Sogndal, Norway
School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s Newfoundland, Canada
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Introduction Bench press is one of the most frequently used exercises to improve upper body strength and power among athletes, fitness, and health enthusiasts. Bench press is typically performed lying supine with the head, shoulders, and buttocks in contact with the bench. The barbell is lowered to the chest before being pressed upwards until
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